Rig Veda 4.50.3: Mandala 4, Sukta 50, Mantra 3

Sukta 4.50

Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama (traditional)

Devata: Bṛhaspati

Chandas: Tr̥ṣṭubh (likely; confirmable from full hymn prosody)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

बृहस्पते या परमा परावदत आ त ऋतस्पृशो नि षेदुः । तुभ्यं खाता अवता अद्रिदुग्धा मध्वः श्चोतन्त्यभितो विरप्शम् ॥

Transliteration

bṛ́haspate yā́ paramā́ parāvádata ā́ ta ṛtáspṛśo ní ṣeduḥ | túbhyaṁ khātā́ avatā́ ádridugdhā mádhvaḥ ścotanty abhíto virápśam ||

Translation

โอ พฤหสปติ (Bṛhaspati) จากแดนไกลอันสูงสุดนั้น เหล่าผู้สัมผัสสัจธรรม (ṛta) ได้มานั่งใกล้ท่าน เพื่อท่าน บ่อน้ำที่ขุดไว้ถูก “รีดน้ำนม” ด้วยศิลาบีบคั้น (adri) แล้วหยดหยาดความรื่นรมย์ดุจน้ำผึ้งไหลรินรอบด้าน สู่ภาวะแห่งจิตสำนึกอันกว้างใหญ่ที่กำลังทำงานอยู่

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Word by Word

• बृहस्पते: O Bṛhaspati
• बृहस्पते: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun
• Root: बृहस्पति- (प्रातिपदिक)

• या: which (those)
• या: कर्तृ
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• परमा: highest, supreme
• परमा: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परम- (प्रातिपदिक)

• परावत्: from afar, in the far distance
• परावत्: अधिकरण (दूरदेशे)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: परावत् (अव्यय/निपात; ‘far away’)

• अतः: from there, thence
• अतः: अपादान (तस्मात्)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अतः (अव्यय)

• आ: hither, towards
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• ते: of you, your
• ते: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद्- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• ऋतस्पृशः: touching/attaining ṛta (cosmic order), truth-touching ones
• ऋतस्पृशः: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: ऋत-स्पृश् (प्रातिपदिक; समास: ऋतं स्पृशन्ति)

• नि: down, in (as preverb)
• नि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• षेदुः: they have sat down, they have taken their seat
• षेदुः: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √सद् (सीदति)

• तुभ्यम्: to you
• तुभ्यम्: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद्- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• खाताः: dug out, excavated
• खाताः: कर्तृ (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Participle
• Root: √खन् (खनति) → खात (कृदन्त, क्त)

• अवताः: wells, pits (as sources)
• अवताः: कर्तृ (विशेष्य-सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Noun (used adjectivally)
• Root: अवत- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘well, pit, cistern’)

• अद्रिदुग्धाः: pressed/milked by the stone (soma-pressing)
• अद्रिदुग्धाः: कर्तृ (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: अद्रि-दुग्ध (प्रातिपदिक; समास: अद्रिणा दुग्धाः)

• मध्वः: of sweetness, of honey/mead (i.e., soma)
• मध्वः: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मधु- (प्रातिपदिक)

• श्चोतन्ति: they drip, they trickle
• श्चोतन्ति: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √च्युत्/√चोत् (च्योतति/चोतति ‘to drip’)

• अभितः: around, on all sides
• अभितः: अधिकरण (परितः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभितः (अव्यय)

• विरप्शम्: the wide-working one (Bṛhaspati), the active one
• विरप्शम्: कर्म
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: विरप्श- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘wide-working/active’, epithet)