Rig Veda 4.5.9: Mandala 4, Sukta 5, Mantra 9

Sukta 4.5

Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama

Devata: Agni / the Light of Ṛta (Agni as revealer implied)

Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; verify)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

इदमु त्यन्महि महामनीकं यदुस्रिया सचत पूर्व्यं गौः । ऋतस्य पदे अधि दीद्यानं गुहा रघुष्यद्रघुयद्विवेद ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 4.5.9

Transliteration

idám u tyán máhi mahā́m anī́kaṃ yád usríyā sácata pū́rvyaṃ gáuḥ | ṛtásya padé ádhi dī́dyānaṃ guhā́ raghú-syad raghú-yad viveda ||

Translation

นี่แลคือพระพักตร์แห่งพลังอันยิ่งใหญ่ไพศาล เมื่อโคดึกดำบรรพ์ร่วมเคียงกับรัศมีทั้งหลาย (usríyā). มันลุกโชติช่วงเหนือย่างก้าวแห่งṛta (ระเบียบ-สัจจะ) ซ่อนอยู่ในถ้ำ; ผู้แสวงหาผู้ว่องไว ย่อมค้นพบด้วยการรุดหน้าอันรวดเร็ว—พบที่นั่งแห่งแสงของสัจจะ.

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Word by Word

• इदम्: this
• इदम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• उ: indeed, surely
• उ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उ (निपात)

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• महि: greatly, mightily
• महि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: महि (अव्यय; मह्/महान्-सम्बद्ध)

• महामनीकम्: great-faced/bright-formed (great appearance)
• महामनीकम्: Karma
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: महामनीक (प्रातिपदिक; महा- + मनीक)

• यत्: which
• यत्: Karma
• Type: Relative pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• उस्रिया: with the ruddy/bright (dawn-like) one
• उस्रिया: Karaṇa
• Type: Adjective (f.)
• Root: उस्रिया (प्रातिपदिक; ‘उषस्/उसर्’ से—प्रभात/दीप्ति-सम्बद्ध)

• सचत: has accompanied, has joined
• सचत: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: सच् (धातु)

• पूर्व्यम्: primeval, ancient
• पूर्व्यम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पूर्व्य (प्रातिपदिक; पूर्व)

• गौः: the Cow (radiant cow; often dawn/light)
• गौः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो (प्रातिपदिक)

• ऋतस्य: of Ṛta (cosmic order/truth)
• ऋतस्य: —
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋत (प्रातिपदिक)

• पदे: in the step/place
• पदे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: पद (प्रातिपदिक)

• अधि: upon, over
• अधि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अधि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• दीद्यानम्: shining, blazing
• दीद्यानम्: Karma
• Type: Participle
• Root: दीद्यत् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √दीद्/√दीप् ‘दीप्तौ’)

• गुहा: in concealment, in a cave/hidden place
• गुहा: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Indeclinable (locative sense)
• Root: गुहा (अव्यय/नाम; ‘गुह्’ से ‘गुह्य-स्थान’)

• रघुष्यत्: hastening, speeding
• रघुष्यत्: Karma
• Type: Participle
• Root: रघुष्यत् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √रघ्/रंह् ‘शीघ्रगमन’)

• रघुयत्: going swiftly
• रघुयत्: Karma
• Type: Participle
• Root: रघुयत् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; रघु + √या ‘गत्यर्थ’)

• विवेद: has found, has discovered/known
• विवेद: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √विद् (धातु; ‘ज्ञाने’)