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Rig Veda 4.38.1: Mandala 4, Sukta 38, Mantra 1

Sukta 4.38

Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama (traditional for RV 4.38)
Devata: Aśvins (Nāsatyā) as divine benefactors (dual 'vām')
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

उतो हि वां दात्रा सन्ति पूर्वा या पूरुभ्यस्त्रसदस्युर्नितोशे । क्षेत्रासां ददथुरुर्वरासां घनं दस्युभ्यो अभिभूतिमुग्रम् ॥

utó hí vāṃ dātrā́ sánti pū́rvā yā́ pū́rubhyas trasádasyur nitóśe | kṣetrā́sāṃ dadathur urvarā́sāṃ ghanáṃ dasyúbhyo abhíbhūtim ugrám ||

แท้จริงแล้ว ของประทานอันเก่าแก่เป็นของท่านทั้งสอง—ด้วยสิ่งนั้นเอง ตรสทัสยุ (Trasadasyu) ได้ชัยเพื่อชนเผ่าปูรู (Pūrū) ให้ตั้งถิ่นฐานมั่นคง ท่านทั้งสองประทานทุ่งนาและผืนดินอันกว้างอุดม และต่อหมู่ดัสยุ (Dasyu) อันมืดดำ ท่านทั้งสองได้ตั้งพลังอันดุดัน บดขยี้และครอบงำไว้

उतोand also, moreover
उतो:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउ + तो (निपात-समुच्चय) अथवा उत (अव्यय)
हिfor, indeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (निपात)
वाम्of you two / you two
वाम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitive) / कर्म (if taken as acc.)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम)
दात्राgifts, bounties
दात्रा:
कर्तृ/विषय (as subject with सन्ति)
TypeNoun
Rootदात्रा (प्रातिपदिक; दा- ‘to give’ से ‘gift, giving’)
सन्तिare
सन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
पूर्वाformer, earlier, ancient
पूर्वा:
विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
याwhich
या:
सम्बन्ध/विशेषण (relative)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम)
पूरुभ्यःto the Pūrus
पूरुभ्यः:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun
Rootपूरु (जननाम/प्रातिपदिक)
त्रसदस्युःTrasadasyu (a king)
त्रसदस्युः:
कर्ता (of implied action ‘gave/assigned’)
TypeProper Noun
Rootत्रसदस्यु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘one who makes the Dasyu tremble’)
नितोशेin (his) dwelling/settlement
नितोशे:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootनितोष (प्रातिपदिक; ‘settlement, dwelling, homestead’)
क्षेत्रासाम्of the fields
क्षेत्रासाम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootक्षेत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
ददथुःyou two gave
ददथुः:
TypeVerb
Rootदा (धातु)
उर्वरासाम्of the fertile lands
उर्वरासाम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootउर्वरा (प्रातिपदिक)
घनम्a smiter, slayer (crusher)
घनम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootघन (प्रातिपदिक)
दस्युभ्यःfrom the Dasyus
दस्युभ्यः:
अपादान
TypeNoun
Rootदस्यु (प्रातिपदिक)
अभिभूतिम्overpowering might, victory
अभिभूतिम्:
कर्म (apposition to घनम्)
TypeNoun
Rootअभिभूति (प्रातिपदिक; ‘overpowering, victory’)
उग्रम्fierce, mighty
उग्रम्:
विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootउग्र (प्रातिपदिक)

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