Rig Veda 10.94.12: Mandala 10, Sukta 94, Mantra 12

Sukta 10.94

Devata: Adrayaḥ/Grāvāṇaḥ (with ancestral ‘pitaraḥ’ as tradition-bearing powers)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

ध्रुवा एव वः पितरो युगेयुगे क्षेमकामासः सदसो न युञ्जते । अजुर्यासो हरिषाचो हरिद्रव आ द्यां रवेण पृथिवीमशुश्रवुः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 10.94.12

Transliteration

dhrúvā eva vaḥ pitáro yugéyuge kṣémakāmāsaḥ sádaso ná yuñjate | ajuryā́so hariṣā́co harídrava ā́ dyā́ṃ ravéṇa pṛthivī́m aśuśravuḥ ||

Translation

บรรพชนของท่านมั่นคงแท้จริงทุกยุคทุกสมัย ปรารถนาความเกษมศานติอันมั่นคง; ดุจเจ้าแห่งสภา เขาผูกท่านเข้ากับงาน ท่านไม่ชรา เคลื่อนไหวเป็นสีเขียวทอง หลั่งไหลด้วยแสงสีเหลืองอมน้ำตาล และด้วยเสียงร้องของท่านทำให้ฟ้าและดินกึกก้อง

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Word by Word

• ध्रुवाः: steadfast, firm
• ध्रुवाः: Kartā (युञ्जते इत्यस्य कर्तृविशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ध्रुव (प्रातिपदिक) < √धृ (धारणे)

• एव: indeed, just
• एव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (निपात)

• वः: of you, your
• वः: सम्बन्ध (पितरः इत्यस्य) / Genitive relation
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• पितरः: fathers, forefathers
• पितरः: Kartā (युञ्जते) / also subject of implied ‘भवन्तु’ sense
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• युगे-युगे: in each age, age after age
• युगे-युगे: Adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरणम्)
• Type: Noun (reduplicated compound/iterative)
• Root: युग (प्रातिपदिक)

• क्षेम-कामासः: desiring welfare/safety
• क्षेम-कामासः: Kartā (युञ्जते) — कर्तृविशेषणम्
• Type: Adjective (compound)
• Root: क्षेम (प्रातिपदिक) + काम (प्रातिपदिक)

• सदसः: of the assembly, of the session
• सदसः: सम्बन्ध (न इत्यस्य तुलनायाम्) / Genitive relation
• Type: Noun
• Root: सदस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• न: like, as
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (उपमा-निपात) अथवा निषेध-निपात; अत्र उपमार्थे

• युञ्जते: they yoke, they harness
• युञ्जते: — (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √युज् (युजे/योजने)

• अजुर्याः: unaging, unwearing
• अजुर्याः: Kartā (अशुश्रवुः) — कर्तृविशेषणम्
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अजुर्य (प्रातिपदिक) < √जुर्/√जॄ? (क्षये/जीर्णे) नञर्थ-निषेधभावः ‘अ-’

• हरिषाचः: accompanied by the tawny (horses), having tawny companions
• हरिषाचः: Kartā (अशुश्रवुः) — कर्तृविशेषणम्
• Type: Adjective (compound)
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक) + साच (प्रातिपदिक, ‘सहचर/संग’)

• हरिद्रवाः: swift with tawny (steeds), tawny-running
• हरिद्रवाः: Kartā (अशुश्रवुः) — कर्तृविशेषणम्
• Type: Adjective (compound)
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक) + द्रव (प्रातिपदिक) < √द्रु/√द्रव् (गत्यर्थे)

• आ: towards, forth
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• द्याम्: the sky
• द्याम्: Karma (अशुश्रवुः) — गन्तव्य/व्याप्त्यर्थे
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्यौ (प्रातिपदिक)

• रवेण: with a roar, by roaring
• रवेण: Karaṇa (अशुश्रवुः) — साधनम्
• Type: Noun
• Root: रव (प्रातिपदिक)

• पृथिवीम्: the earth
• पृथिवीम्: Karma (अशुश्रवुः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृथिवी (प्रातिपदिक)

• अशुश्रवुः: they made (it) resound; they caused to be heard
• अशुश्रवुः: — (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √श्रु (श्रवणे) + अ (अङ्) — लुङ्/अोरिस्ट-प्रकारः