Rig Veda 10.63.2: Mandala 10, Sukta 63, Mantra 2

Sukta 10.63

Rishi: As per RV 10.63 hymn attribution (Anukramaṇī-dependent)

Devata: Viśve Devāḥ (All-Gods), with explicit Aditi/Waters/Earth associations

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

विश्वा हि वो नमस्यानि वन्द्या नामानि देवा उत यज्ञियानि वः । ये स्थ जाता अदितेरद्भ्यस्परि ये पृथिव्यास्ते म इह श्रुता हवम् ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 10.63.2

Transliteration

viśvā́ hí vo namasyā́ni vándyā nā́māni devā utá yajñiyā́ni vaḥ | yé stha jātā́ áditer adbhyás pári yé pṛthivyā́s té ma ihá śrutā́ hávam ||

Translation

โอ้เหล่าเทพ กิจทั้งปวงของท่านควรแก่การนอบน้อม ชื่อทั้งหลายของท่านควรแก่การสรรเสริญ และฤทธานุภาพของท่านควรแก่ยัญญะ. ผู้ใดบังเกิดจากอทิติ (Aditi) ผู้ใดเกิดจากสายน้ำ ผู้ใดเป็นของแผ่นดิน—ขอท่านทั้งหลายจงได้ยินคำเรียกของข้าพเจ้า ณ ที่นี้.

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Word by Word

• विश्वानि: all (things)
• विश्वानि: Karma (of वन्द्या/नमस्यानि) / viṣaya
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: विश्व (प्रातिपदिक) सर्व

• हि: indeed, for
• हि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (निपात)

• वः: of you (your)
• वः: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम)

• नमस्यानि: (things) worthy of reverence
• नमस्यानि: Karma/viṣaya
• Type: Adjective (gerundive-like, ‘to be bowed to’)
• Root: नमस्य (प्रातिपदिक; from √नम् ‘to bow’)

• वन्द्यानि: (things) worthy of praise
• वन्द्यानि: Karma/viṣaya
• Type: Adjective (gerundive-like)
• Root: वन्द्य (प्रातिपदिक; from √वन्द् ‘to praise, salute’)

• नामानि: names
• नामानि: Karma/viṣaya
• Type: Noun
• Root: नामन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• देवाः: O gods / the gods
• देवाः: Sambodhana/Addressed (vocative sense in context) / or Kartā (elliptic ‘are’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• उत: and also
• उत: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत (निपात)

• यज्ञियानि: worthy of sacrifice, sacrificial
• यज्ञियानि: Karma/viṣaya
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यज्ञिय (प्रातिपदिक; from यज्ञ)

• वः: of you
• वः: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम)

• ये: who
• ये: Kartā (of जाता:) / sambandha to देवाः
• Type: Relative pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम)

• स्थ: you are
• स्थ: — (copula)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु) ‘to be’

• जाताः: born
• जाताः: Kartā (with ‘ये … स्थ’) / predicate
• Type: Participle (past passive)
• Root: √जन् (धातु) → जात (कृदन्त)

• अदितेः: of Aditi
• अदितेः: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अदिति (प्रातिपदिक)

• अद्भ्यः: from the waters
• अद्भ्यः: Apādāna (source) with ‘परि’
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘water’)

• परि: forth, out (from), around
• परि: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb/adverb)
• Root: परि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• ये: who
• ये: Kartā (of implied ‘(जाताः)’)
• Type: Relative pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम)

• पृथिव्याः: from the earth
• पृथिव्याः: Apādāna (source)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृथिवी (प्रातिपदिक)

• ते: those (you)
• ते: Kartā (of श्रुताः) / addressed group
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम)

• मे: my
• मे: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम)

• इह: here
• इह: Adhikaraṇa (location)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह (अव्यय)

• श्रुताः: heard; hearken (to)
• श्रुताः: Kartā (predicate: ‘be heard’)
• Type: Participle (past passive)
• Root: √श्रु (धातु) → श्रुत (कृदन्त)

• हवम्: invocation, call
• हवम्: Karma (object of ‘श्रुताः’ = ‘hear’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हव (प्रातिपदिक; from √ह्वे/√हू ‘to call, invoke’)