Rig Veda 10.53.3: Mandala 10, Sukta 53, Mantra 3

Sukta 10.53

Rishi: Agni/Hotṛ-centered cycle (speaker representing the sacrificers seeking the true Hotṛ/Agni)

Devata: Ritual/inner power of the sacrifice (yajña-jihvā; implicitly Agni as the tongue and carrier of invocation)

Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; requires metrical verification)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

साध्वीमकर्देववीतिं नो अद्य यज्ञस्य जिह्वामविदाम गुह्याम् । स आयुरागात्सुरभिर्वसानो भद्रामकर्देवहूतिं नो अद्य ॥

Transliteration

sādhvīm akardeva-vī́tiṃ no adyá yajñásya jihvā́m avidāma guhyā́m | sá āyúr ā́gāt surabhír vásāno bhadrā́m akardeva-hū́tiṃ no adyá ||

Translation

วันนี้เขาได้จัดทางอันเที่ยงตรงที่เทพทั้งหลายทรงโปรดให้แก่เรา; วันนี้เราพบ “ลิ้น” อันเร้นลับของยัชญะ. เขามาถึงพร้อมพลังชีวิต สวมไว้ด้วยความหอมหวาน; วันนี้เขาได้ทำให้แก่เราเสียงเรียกอันเป็นมงคลที่เชื้อเชิญเทพให้เข้ามาใกล้.

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Word by Word

• साध्वीम्: the good/auspicious (one)
• साध्वीम्: कर्म
• Type: Adjective
• Root: साध्वी- (प्रातिपदिक; साधु- से)

• अकरत्: made, fashioned
• अकरत्: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (डुकृञ् करणे)

• देववीतिम्: the gods’ participation/attendance (at the rite)
• देववीतिम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव- + वीतिः (√वे/वी ‘to pursue, seek, enjoy’ > वीतिः ‘pursuit/obtaining; (rit.) enjoyment/participation’)

• नः: of us, our
• नः: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• अद्य: today, now
• अद्य: अधिकारण (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अद्य

• यज्ञस्य: of the sacrifice
• यज्ञस्य: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ-

• जिह्वाम्: tongue (of the rite; i.e., the offering-fire/means of offering)
• जिह्वाम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: जिह्वा-

• अविदाम: we found, we discovered
• अविदाम: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: विद् (विदँ ज्ञाने)

• गुह्याम्: hidden, secret
• गुह्याम्: कर्म (विशेषण-भावेन)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गुह्य- (√गुह् ‘to hide’ से)

• सः: he
• सः: कर्तृ
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्

• आयुः: life(-span), vital power
• आयुः: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: आयुस्-

• आगात्: came, arrived
• आगात्: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (गमॢँ गतौ) उपसर्गः आ-

• सुरभिः: fragrant, sweet-smelling
• सुरभिः: कर्तृ (विशेषण-भावेन)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुरभि-

• वसानः: wearing, clothed (in)
• वसानः: कर्तृ
• Type: Participle
• Root: वस् (वसँ आच्छादने) → वसान- (वर्तमान कृदन्त)

• भद्राम्: auspicious, fortunate
• भद्राम्: कर्म
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भद्र-

• अकरत्: made
• अकरत्: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (डुकृञ् करणे)

• देवहूतिम्: the invocation/calling of the gods
• देवहूतिम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव- + हूति- (√हू ‘to call, invoke’ > हूति ‘invocation/call’)

• नः: our
• नः: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• अद्य: today
• अद्य: अधिकारण (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अद्य