Rig Veda 10.27.1: Mandala 10, Sukta 27, Mantra 1

Sukta 10.27

Devata: Indra-like warrior power (speaker as a heroic deity/force; exact devatā unspecified here)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; needs verification)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

असत्सु मे जरितः साभिवेगो यत्सुन्वते यजमानाय शिक्षम् । अनाशीर्दामहमस्मि प्रहन्ता सत्यध्वृतं वृजिनायन्तमाभुम् ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 10.27.1

Transliteration

asátsu me jaritar sá̄bhivegó yát sunvaté yájamānāya śíkṣam | anā́śīrdām ahám asmi prahantā́ satyádhvṛtaṃ vṛjināyántaṃ ābhúm ||

Translation

ท่ามกลางภาวะอันไม่จริงทั้งหลาย โอ้ผู้ขับสรรเสริญ การพุ่งเข้าของข้ารวดเร็ว—เมื่อข้าถูกสอนเพื่อยชมานะ (yajamāna) ผู้คั้นโสมะและประกอบยัญ ข้าคือผู้ฟาดฟันผู้ให้ทานอันไร้ปีติ; ข้าฟาดผู้เดินคด ผู้ยึดถือธรรมเทียมอันขัดต่อสัจจะ.

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Word by Word

• असत्सु: among the non-existent / in troubles (lit. ‘in non-being’)
• असत्सु: अधिकारण
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: असत् (प्रा. < अस् ‘to be’ + निपात ‘a-’)

• मे: my / of me
• मे: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अहम्

• जरितः: O singer/praiser
• जरितः: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (agent)
• Root: जरितृ (√जॄ/जर् ‘to praise, sing’)

• स: he
• स: कर्ता
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: स (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अभिवेगः: with onset/impetuosity; rushing forth
• अभिवेगः: विशेषण-भाव (कर्तृ-सम्बन्धी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अभि-वेग (वेग ‘impulse, rush’)

• यत्: when/that which
• यत्: सम्बन्ध (यद्-तद्-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Relative pronoun
• Root: यद्

• सुन्वते: to the Soma-presser
• सुन्वते: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Participle (present active)
• Root: √सु (सव्) ‘to press (Soma)’ → सुन्वत्

• यजमानाय: to the sacrificer
• यजमानाय: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Noun
• Root: यजमान (√यज् ‘to sacrifice’)

• शिक्षम्: may I help / grant (aid)
• शिक्षम्: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √शिक्ष् ‘to strengthen, help, instruct’

• अनाशीर्दाम्: not giving blessings / withholding boons
• अनाशीर्दाम्: विशेषण (अहम्-सम्बन्धी)
• Type: Adjective (bahuvrīhi/agentive)
• Root: अनाशीर्दा (a- + आशीस् ‘wish/blessing’ + √दा ‘to give’)

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: कर्ता
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अहम्

• अस्मि: am
• अस्मि: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अस् ‘to be’

• प्रहन्ता: a smiter, destroyer
• प्रहन्ता: प्रेडिकेट-कर्तृ (अहम्-सम्बन्धी)
• Type: Noun (agent)
• Root: प्र-हन्तृ (√हन् ‘to strike, slay’)

• सत्य: true
• सत्य: विशेषण (अध्वृतम्-सम्बन्धी)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सत्य (सत् + य)

• अध्वृतम्: the untrue / the unstable (thing/person)
• अध्वृतम्: कर्म
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: अध्वृत (a- + ध्वृत/धृत ‘supported/established’; here ‘unfixed, untrue’)

• वृजिनायन्तम्: doing wrong, acting crookedly
• वृजिनायन्तम्: विशेषण (आभुम्-सम्बन्धी)
• Type: Participle (present active)
• Root: वृजिनायन्त् (denom./intensive from वृजिन ‘crookedness, sin, wrong’)

• आभुम्: the deceiver / cheat
• आभुम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: आभु (noun; ‘deceiver/cheat’, Vedic)