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Rig Veda 10.181.3: Mandala 10, Sukta 181, Mantra 3

Sukta 10.181

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (named in the verse)
Devata: Dhātṛ / Savitṛ / Viṣṇu; with Sūrya as source of gharma
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (explicitly referenced; verse itself may be in a different meter in some recensions, but the mantra thematizes Anuṣṭubh)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

तेऽविन्दन्मनसा दीध्याना यजुः ष्कन्नं प्रथमं देवयानम् । धातुर्द्युतानात्सवितुश्च विष्णोरा सूर्यादभरन्घर्ममेते ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 10.181.3
Transliteration

té ’vindan mánasā dīdhyā́nā yájuḥ skannáṃ prathamáṃ deva-yā́nam | dhā́tur dyutā́nāt savitúś ca víṣṇor ā́ sū́ryād abharan gharmám eté ||

Translation

พวกเขาพบด้วยมโนที่สว่างไสวซึ่งกำลังก่อไฟขึ้น—ยชุส (Yajus) แรกเริ่มที่ตกลงมา อันเปิดหนทางแห่งเทพ. จากความส่องประกายของธาตฤ (Dhātṛ), จากสวิตฤ (Savitṛ), และจากวิษณุ (Viṣṇu), คนเหล่านี้ได้นำ “ฆรฺมะ (Gharma)” มาจากสุริยะ—ความร้อนแห่งสัจจะที่รู้แจ้ง เพื่อการงานแห่งพิธี.

Word by Word
तेthey
ते:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अविन्दन्they found / obtained
अविन्दन्:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√विद् (विन्दति ‘to find, obtain’)
मनसाwith the mind
मनसा:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootमनस् (प्रातिपदिक)
दीध्यानाmeditating, intent in thought
दीध्याना:
कर्तृ (विशेषणम्)
TypeParticiple (Adjective)
Root√ध्यै/√ध्या (to think, meditate) → दीध्याना- (intensive/iterative present participle)
यजुःthe Yajus-formula (sacrificial formula)
यजुः:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootयजुस् (प्रातिपदिक)
स्कन्नम्poured out / shed
स्कन्नम्:
कर्म (विशेषणम्)
TypeParticiple (Adjective)
Root√स्कन्द् (to leap/fall; ‘to be poured/spilled’) → स्कन्न- (PPP)
प्रथमम्first
प्रथमम्:
कर्म (विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रथम (प्रातिपदिक)
देवयानम्god-leading / leading to the gods
देवयानम्:
कर्म (विशेषणम्)
TypeNoun (used adjectivally) / Adjective
Rootदेव-यान (प्रातिपदिक; ‘way/vehicle to the gods’)
धातुःof the Creator/Establisher
धातुः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootधातृ/धातु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘establisher/creator’; also ‘foundation’)
द्युतानात्from the Shining One
द्युतानात्:
अपादान
TypeNoun (epithet) / Adjective used substantively
Rootद्युतान (प्रातिपदिक; ‘shining one’, epithet) + abl.
सवितुःof Savitar
सवितुः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootसवितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
चand
च:
(सम्बन्धक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
विष्णोःof Viṣṇu
विष्णोः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootविष्णु (प्रातिपदिक)
आforth, towards (here: ‘from/out’)
आ:
(क्रियाविशेषणम्)
TypePreverb / Indeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
सूर्यात्from the Sun
सूर्यात्:
अपादान
TypeNoun
Rootसूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
अभरन्they brought
अभरन्:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√भृ (to bear, bring)
घर्मम्the gharma (hot oblation)
घर्मम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootघर्म (प्रातिपदिक; ‘hot drink/oblation; gharma’)
एतेthese (ones)
एते:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
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