Rig Veda 10.18.5: Mandala 10, Sukta 18, Mantra 5

Sukta 10.18

Rishi: RV 10.18 funerary hymn seer tradition.

Devata: Dhātṛ (the Arranger/Fashioner) as the ordering cosmic power; r̥ta-time (days/seasons) as its manifestation.

Chandas: Triṣṭubh.

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

यथाहान्यनुपूर्वं भवन्ति यथ ऋतव ऋतुभिर्यन्ति साधु । यथा न पूर्वमपरो जहात्येवा धातरायूंषि कल्पयैषाम् ॥

Transliteration

yáthāhā́ny anupūrváṃ bhávanti yáthā ṛtáva ṛtúbhir yánti sādhú | yáthā ná pū́rvam áparo jáhāty evā́ dhātar āyū́ṃṣi kalpaya eṣām ||

Translation

ดุจวันทั้งหลายมาถึงตามลำดับอันถูกต้อง ดุจฤดูกาลทั้งหลายดำเนินไปตามฤดูกาลอย่างชอบธรรม ดุจสิ่งที่มาภายหลังไม่ทอดทิ้งสิ่งที่มาก่อน—ฉันนั้นแล โอ้ผู้ทรงสรรค์สร้าง (Dhātṛ) โปรดจัดวางวิถีแห่งอายุของเขาทั้งหลายให้ต่อเนื่องเป็นระเบียบไม่ขาดสาย

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Word by Word

• यथा: just as
• यथा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)

• अहानि: days
• अहानि: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• अनुपूर्वम्: in due order, successively
• अनुपूर्वम्: Adhikaraṇa (क्रम/रीति)
• Type: Indeclinable (adverbial accusative)
• Root: अनुपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• भवन्ति: come to be, occur
• भवन्ति: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू

• यथा: just as
• यथा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)

• ऋतवः: seasons
• ऋतवः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋतु (प्रातिपदिक)

• ऋतुभिः: by/with the seasons
• ऋतुभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋतु (प्रातिपदिक)

• यन्ति: go, proceed
• यन्ति: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: या

• साधु: well, properly
• साधु: —
• Type: Adjective/Indeclinable (predicative)
• Root: साधु (प्रातिपदिक)

• यथा: just as
• यथा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)

• न: not
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)

• पूर्वम्: before, earlier
• पूर्वम्: Adhikaraṇa (काल/क्रम)
• Type: Indeclinable (adverbial)
• Root: पूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• अपरः: the later one, the following
• अपरः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective (substantivized)
• Root: अपर (प्रातिपदिक)

• जहाति: leaves, abandons
• जहाति: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: हा

• एव: just so, indeed
• एव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)

• धातर: O Creator/Ordainer
• धातर: Sampradāna (addressed deity)
• Type: Noun (vocative)
• Root: धातृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• आयूंषि: lifetimes, spans of life
• आयूंषि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: आयुस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• कल्पय: arrange, set in order, allot
• कल्पय: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: कॢप्

• एषाम्: of these (persons)
• एषाम्: सम्बन्ध (possessor)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)