Rig Veda 10.157.4 — Mandala 10, Sukta 157, Mantra 4
Sukta 10.157
Devata: Devāḥ (collective divine powers) opposed to Asurāḥ
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
हत्वाय देवा असुरान्यदायन्देवा देवत्वमभिरक्षमाणाः ॥
Transliteration
hatvā́ya devā́ asúrān yád ā́yan devā́ devatvám abhirákṣamāṇāḥ ।
Translation
เมื่อเหล่าเทพออกไปเพื่อสังหารอสูร เหล่าเทพก็เคลื่อนไปโดยพิทักษ์และธำรงไว้ซึ่งความเป็นเทพ (devatva)—รักษากฎอันสว่างไสวแห่งภาวะทิพย์ของตนให้ครบถ้วน.
Word by Word
हत्वायhaving slain
हत्वाय:
(क्रियाविशेषण) पूर्वकालिक क्रिया—मुख्यक्रिययोः (अदायन्/अरक्षन्) हेतु/पूर्वकर्म
TypeVerb (absolutive/gerund)
Root√हन् (हन्ति) → क्त्वा-प्रत्यय (त्वा) अव्ययभाव
देवाःthe gods
देवाः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootदेव- (प्रातिपदिक)
असुरान्the Asuras
असुरान्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootअसुर- (प्रातिपदिक)
यद्what(ever); that which
यद्:
कर्म (अदायन् इत्यस्य)
TypePronoun (relative)
Rootयद्- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अदायन्they gave; they granted
अदायन्:
मुख्यक्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√दा (ददाति) + आ-
देवाःthe gods
देवाः:
कर्तृ (अरक्षन् इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव-
देवत्वम्godhood; divinity
देवत्वम्:
कर्म (अरक्षन् इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun (abstract)
Rootदेवत्व- (देव + त्व प्रत्यय; भाव/तत्त्व)
अभिtowards; over
अभि:
(क्रियाविशेषण) अरक्षन् इत्यस्य दिशाबोधक
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
अरक्षन्they protected; they guarded
अरक्षन्:
मुख्यक्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√रक्ष् (रक्षति) + अ- (लङ्)
माणाःprotecting; guarding
माणाः:
कर्तृविशेषण (देवाः) / सहक्रिया-भाव
TypeParticiple
Root√रक्ष् (रक्षति) + -मान (शानच्/मान) [रक्षमाण-]
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