Rig Veda 10.129.4: Mandala 10, Sukta 129, Mantra 4

Sukta 10.129

Rishi: Prajāpati Parameṣṭhin

Devata: Kāma as first movement; also Tad Ekam as ground

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

कामस्तदग्रे समवर्तताधि मनसो रेतः प्रथमं यदासीत् । सतो बन्धुमसति निरविन्दन्हृदि प्रतीष्या कवयो मनीषा ॥

Transliteration

kā́mas tád ágre sám avartatā́dhi mánaso rétaḥ prathamáṃ yád āsīt | sató bándhum ásati nír avindan hṛdí pratī́ṣyā kaváyo manīṣā́ ||

Translation

กามะ (kāma) บังเกิดขึ้นก่อนสุดเหนือสิ่งนั้น—เป็นเมล็ดแรกแห่งมโน (manas). ฤษีผู้รู้ (kavi) ใช้ปัญญาญาณ (manīṣā) สืบค้นในหทัย แล้วพบสายสัมพันธ์ (bandhu) ของสัต (sat) ภายในอสัต (asat).

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Word by Word

• कामः: desire, will
• कामः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: काम (प्रातिपदिक) < √कम् (काङ्क्षायाम्/इच्छायाम्)

• तत्: that
• तत्: कर्म (अर्थतः ‘that’ as object/that-thing)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अग्रे: in the beginning, at first
• अग्रे: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun (used adverbially)
• Root: अग्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• सम्: together, fully (prefix)
• सम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम् (उपसर्ग)

• अवर्तत: arose, came into being
• अवर्तत: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वृत् (वर्तने)

• अधि: upon, over
• अधि: अधिकरण (संबन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अधि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• मनसः: of mind
• मनसः: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• रेतः: seed, semen; generative principle
• रेतः: कर्तृ/कर्म (वाक्ये ‘seed’ as that which is/was)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रेतस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रथमम्: first
• प्रथमम्: विशेषण
• Type: Adjective (used adverbially)
• Root: प्रथम (प्रातिपदिक)

• यत्: which
• यत्: सम्बन्ध (यद्-तद्)
• Type: Pronoun (relative)
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• आसीत्: was
• आसीत्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अस् (भुवि)

• सतः: of being, of the existent
• सतः: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: सत् (प्रातिपदिक; वर्तमानकृदन्त from √अस्)

• बन्धुम्: bond, kinship; connection
• बन्धुम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: बन्धु (प्रातिपदिक)

• असति: in non-being, in the non-existent
• असति: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: असत् (प्रातिपदिक; neg. of सत्)

• निर्: out, forth (prefix)
• निर्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: निर् (उपसर्ग)

• अविन्दन्: they found, discovered
• अविन्दन्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √विद् (लभे/विन्दति)

• हृदि: in (the) heart
• हृदि: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: हृद्/हृदय (प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रतीष्या: by seeking/considering, after searching
• प्रतीष्या: —
• Type: Indeclinable (gerund-like) / Kṛdanta
• Root: प्रतीष्य (अव्यय/कृदन्त-प्रायः; from प्रति + √ईक्ष्/√ईष् ‘to look/seek’)

• कवयः: seers, poets
• कवयः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: कवि (प्रातिपदिक)

• मनीषा: with insight, by thought/intelligence
• मनीषा: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनीषा (प्रातिपदिक)