Rig Veda 10.110.11: Mandala 10, Sukta 110, Mantra 11

Sukta 10.110

Devata: Agni (as purogāḥ of the gods; with devāḥ as recipients of havis)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; requires pada-count verification)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

सद्यो जातो व्यमिमीत यज्ञमग्निर्देवानामभवत्पुरोगाः । अस्य होतुः प्रदिश्यृतस्य वाचि स्वाहाकृतं हविरदन्तु देवाः ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 10.110.11

Transliteration

sadyó jātó vy àmimīta yajñám agnír devā́nām abhavat purogā́ḥ | asyá hótuḥ pradiśy ṛtásya vā́ci svā́hākṛtaṃ havír adantu devā́ḥ ||

Translation

อัคนี (Agni) ผู้บังเกิดฉับพลัน ได้กำหนดวัดพิธีบูชา และเป็นผู้นำหน้าเหล่าเทพ. ในถ้อยคำชี้นำของโหตฤ (Hotar) ผู้นี้ ในวาจาแห่งฤตะ (ṛta) ขอเหล่าเทพจงเสวยเครื่องบูชาที่จัดเตรียมด้วยสวาหา (svāhā).

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Word by Word

• सद्यः: immediately, at once
• सद्यः: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सद्यस् (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक) < सद्य (तत्क्षण)

• जातः: born
• जातः: Kartā (अग्नेर् विशेषणम्)
• Type: Participle (Adjective) प्रयुक्तः
• Root: √जन् (जायते) → जात (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

• वि: apart, forth; intensifier
• वि: —
• Type: Indeclinable (Preverb)
• Root: वि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• अमिमीत: measured out, apportioned
• अमिमीत: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √मा (मिमाते/मिमीते) ‘to measure, apportion’

• यज्ञम्: the sacrifice, ritual
• यज्ञम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)

• अग्निः: Agni (fire-god)
• अग्निः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

• देवानाम्: of the gods
• देवानाम्: Sambandha (षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• अभवत्: became
• अभवत्: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भू (भवति)

• पुरोगाः: the one who goes in front; leader, forerunner
• पुरोगाः: Kartā/Predicative (अग्नेः विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: पुरोग (प्रातिपदिक) = पुरस् + √गम् (गच्छति) → ‘going in front’

• अस्य: of this (one), his
• अस्य: Sambandha (षष्ठी)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• होतुः: of the Hotṛ-priest (invoker)
• होतुः: Sambandha (षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: होतृ (प्रातिपदिक) < √हु (जुहोति) ‘to sacrifice’

• प्रदिशि: in the region/direction
• प्रदिशि: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रदिश् (प्रातिपदिक) = प्र + दिश् ‘direction/region’

• ऋतस्य: of Ṛta (cosmic order, truth)
• ऋतस्य: Sambandha (षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋत (प्रातिपदिक)

• वाचि: in speech, in the utterance
• वाचि: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाच् (प्रातिपदिक)

• स्वाहाकृतम्: made with the Svāhā-call; consecrated by ‘svāhā’
• स्वाहाकृतम्: Karma (हविषः विशेषणम्)
• Type: Participle (Adjective) प्रयुक्तः
• Root: स्वाहा (निपात) + √कृ (करोति) → कृत (कृदन्त) ; समासः ‘स्वाहाकृत’

• हविः: the oblation
• हविः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: हविस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• अदन्तु: let (them) eat, may (they) partake
• अदन्तु: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अद् (अत्ति) ‘to eat’

• देवाः: the gods
• देवाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)