Valmiki Ramayana 1.45.4: Bala Kanda, Sarga 45, Shloka 4

विशालानगरीप्रवेशः

Entry toward Viśālā and the Indra–Kṣīrodamathana Legend

Devanagari script

तत: प्रभाते विमले विश्वामित्रं महामुनिम्।उवाच राघवो वाक्यं कृताह्निकमरिन्दम:।।।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 1.45.4

Transliteration

tataḥ prabhāte vimale viśvāmitraṃ mahāmunim |

uvāca rāghavo vākyaṃ kṛtāhnikam arindamaḥ ||

Translation

ครั้นรุ่งอรุณอันผ่องใส ราฆวะ—ผู้ปราบศัตรู—ครั้นประกอบกิจวัตรประจำวันเสร็จแล้ว จึงกราบทูลถ้อยคำต่อมหามุนีวิศวามิตร

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Word by Word

• ततः: thereafter
• ततः: Kala (काल/Time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अपादान/क्रमवाचक (thereafter)

• प्रभाते: in the morning
• प्रभाते: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Time-location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रभात (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• विमले: clear; pure
• विमले: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विमल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; विशेषण (of प्रभाते)

• विश्वामित्रम्: Visvamitra
• विश्वामित्रम्: Karma (कर्म/Object of speaking)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विश्वामित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• महामुनिम्: the great sage
• महामुनिम्: Apposition (समानााधिकरण/Identifier)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महā + मुनि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मधारय (महान् मुनिः)

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• राघवः: Raghava (Rama)
• राघवः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राघव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• वाक्यम्: words; a statement
• वाक्यम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाक्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• कृताह्निकम्: having completed the daily rites
• कृताह्निकम्: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृत (कृ धातु + क्त) + आह्निक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (of राघवः, in apposition); तत्पुरुष (कृतम् आह्निकम् येन)

• अरिन्दमः: destroyer of enemies
• अरिन्दमः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अरि + दम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; उपाधि; तत्पुरुष (अरिणां दमः)

Context

Thereafter, the progeny of the Raghus, the destroyer of enemies (Rama) addressed Viswamitra in the clear early morning after Viswamitra had completed his routine rites:

Characters & Entities

• Rāma (Rāghava)
• Viśvāmitra

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes nitya-karma (daily duties) and reverence toward teachers; spiritual discipline and respectful speech form the foundation for righteous action.

What is the narrative situation?

After the night’s account, morning comes; once the sage’s daily rites are done, Rāma begins speaking to Viśvāmitra.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Vinaya (humility) and disciplined conduct: Rāma approaches his teacher-figure at the proper time, after rites are completed.