Valmiki Ramayana 2.99.33: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 99, Shloka 33

चित्रकूटप्राप्तिः · Bharata Reaches Chitrakuta and Beholds Rama

Devanagari script

अधारयद्यो विविधाश्चित्रास्सुमनसस्तदा ।

सोऽयं जटाभारमिमं वहते राघवः कथम् ॥३३॥

Recitation with translationValmiki Ramayana 2.99.33

Transliteration

adhārayad yo vividhāś citrāḥ sumanasas tadā |

so ’yaṃ jaṭā-bhāram imaṃ vahate rāghavaḥ katham ||33||

Translation

ผู้ที่ครั้งหนึ่งเคยทรงประดับด้วยดอกไม้งามหลากสี—บัดนี้พระราฆวะจะทรงแบกรับภาระหนักแห่งชฎาผมพันกันนี้ได้อย่างไร?

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Word by Word

• adhārayat: wore/bore
• adhārayat: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: adhi-√dhṛ (धातु)
• Form: Verb; Imperfect (लङ्), 3rd person, Singular, Parasmaipada

• yaḥ: he who
• yaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Relative pronoun; Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• vividhāḥ: various
• vividhāḥ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vividha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Plural; adjective to sumanasaḥ

• citrāḥ: bright/variegated
• citrāḥ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: citra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Plural; adjective to sumanasaḥ

• sumanasaḥ: flowers
• sumanasaḥ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sumanas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Plural (Vedic/epic usage; = sumanasaḥ/sumanasaḥ as ‘flowers’)

• tadā: then
• tadā: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tadā (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; adverb of time

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun; Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• ayam: this (man)
• ayam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun; Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• jaṭābhāram: the burden of matted hair
• jaṭābhāram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jaṭā-bhāra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa: jaṭānāṃ bhāraḥ; Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• imam: this
• imam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun; Masculine, Accusative, Singular; determiner to jaṭābhāram

• vahate: bears/carries
• vahate: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vah (धातु)
• Form: Verb; Present (लट्), 3rd person, Singular, Ātmanepada

• rāghavaḥ: Raghava (Rama)
• rāghavaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• katham: how?
• katham: Prashna (प्रश्न)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: katham (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; interrogative adverb (प्रश्नार्थक क्रियाविशेषण)

Context

How is it that Rama who used to wear variegated flowers formerly, now bears these heavy matted locks?

Characters & Entities

• Rama (Raghava)
• Bharata
• flowers (sumanas)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma involves embracing hardship without abandoning righteousness; outward discomfort (jaṭā, austerity) becomes a sign of inner commitment to truth and duty.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata compares Rāma’s former elegant adornment with his present ascetic appearance.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s endurance and discipline; Bharata’s tender concern and moral pain.