Valmiki Ramayana 2.93.4: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 93, Shloka 4

चित्रकूटमार्गवर्णनम् · Bharata’s Army Reaches Chitrakuta and Searches for Rama

Devanagari script

सागरौघनिभा सेना भरतस्य महात्मनः ।

महीं सञ्छादयामास प्रावृषि द्यामिवाम्बुदः ॥४॥

Recitation with translationValmiki Ramayana 2.93.4

Transliteration

sāgaraughanibhā senā bharatasya mahātmanaḥ |

mahīṃ sañchādayāmāsa prāvṛṣi dyām ivāmbudaḥ ||4||

Translation

กองทัพของพระภรตผู้มหาตมะ ดุจคลื่นมหาสมุทรที่ซัดสาด แผ่คลุมผืนแผ่นดิน ดังเมฆฤดูฝนคลุมท้องฟ้า

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Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; pronoun

• सम्प्रतस्थे: set out
• सम्प्रतस्थे: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-pra-√sthā (स्था धातु)
• Form: Liṭ (लिट्) perfect, 3rd person singular Ātmanepada; narrative past 'set out/proceeded'

• धर्मात्मा: the righteous one
• धर्मात्मा: Karta (कर्ता) (apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dharma + ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; bahuvrīhi: 'one whose self is dharma' = righteous person

• प्रीतः: pleased
• प्रीतः: Kriyā (क्रिया) / Predicative
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √prī (प्री धातु); prīta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Kta (क्त) PPP used adjectivally; Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; predicative of saḥ

• दशरथात्मजः: son of Dasharatha
• दशरथात्मजः: Karta (कर्ता) (apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: daśaratha + ātmaja (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: 'son of Daśaratha'

• वृतः: surrounded
• वृतः: Kriyā (क्रिया) / Predicative
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √vṛ (वृ धातु); vṛta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Kta (क्त) PPP; Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; 'surrounded'

• महत्या: great
• महत्या: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Ekavacana; agrees with senayā

• नादिन्या: clamouring
• नादिन्या: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: nādinī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Ekavacana; 'noisy/clamouring' agrees with senayā

• सेनया: by the army
• सेनया: Karaṇa (करण) / Sahakārī
• Type: Noun
• Root: senā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Ekavacana

• चतुरङ्गया: four-divisional
• चतुरङ्गया: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of senayā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: catur + aṅga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Ekavacana; dvigu: 'four-limbed/four-divisional (infantry, cavalry, chariots, elephants)'

Context

The army of the magnanimous Bharata, resembling the waves of the ocean, covered the earth as the clouds cover the sky during the rainy season.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• senā (army)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is implicit: immense power (a vast army) is portrayed as a tool that must be governed by righteous intent, not mere domination.

What is the narrative situation?

A vivid simile describes the magnitude of Bharata’s marching force as it advances across the land.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Mahātmatā (greatness of spirit): Bharata is characterized as ‘mahātmā’, suggesting moral stature that should restrain and guide political power.