Valmiki Ramayana 2.68.15: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 68, Shloka 15

दूतप्रेषणम् — Dispatch of Messengers to Kekaya

Bharata’s Recall

Devanagari script

ते प्रसन्नोदकां दिव्यां नानाविहगसेविताम्।उपातिजग्मुर्वेगेन शरदण्डां जनाकुलाम्।।2.68.15।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.68.15

Transliteration

te prasannodakāṃ divyāṃ nānā-vihaga-sevitām | upātijagmur vegena śaradaṇḍāṃ janākulām || 2.68.15 ||

Translation

เขาทั้งหลายผ่านไปอย่างรวดเร็ว ณ ศรทัณฑาอันเป็นทิพย์—สายน้ำสงบใส มีนกนานาพันธุ์มาอาศัย และเนืองแน่นด้วยผู้คน

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Word by Word

• ते: those
• ते: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (pronoun), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• प्रसन्नोदकाम्: having clear/calm water
• प्रसन्नोदकाम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रसन्न-उदक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः कर्मधारय (calm + water); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Acc), एकवचन; विशेषण of शरदण्डाम्

• दिव्याम्: divine
• दिव्याम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दिव्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण of शरदण्डाम्

• नाना: various
• नाना: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नाना (अव्यय)
• Form: विशेषणार्थक-अव्यय (indeclinable used as 'various')

• विहगसेविताम्: frequented by birds
• विहगसेविताम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विहग-सेवित (प्रातिपदिक; सेव् धातु + क्त)
• Form: समासः तत्पुरुष (vihagaiḥ sevitā = frequented by birds); क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण of शरदण्डाम्

• उपातिजग्मुः: reached/went up to
• उपातिजग्मुः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-आ-गम् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; उपसर्गयुक्त धातु

• वेगेन: with speed
• वेगेन: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वेग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instr), एकवचन; साधन/रीति (manner)

• शरदण्डाम्: the Śaradaṇḍā (river)
• शरदण्डाम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शरदण्डा (प्रातिपदिक; नदी-नाम)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Acc), एकवचन

• जनाकुलाम्: crowded with people
• जनाकुलाम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जन-आकुल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः तत्पुरुष (janaiḥ ākulā = crowded with people); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण of शरदण्डाम्

Context

From there they reached a village known as Abhikala and crossed the sacred Ikshumati flowing from Bodhibhavana mountain. This region was enjoyed by fathers and forefathers of Dasaratha.

Characters & Entities

• birds (vihagāḥ)
• people (jana)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is disciplined movement toward a rightful goal—public places and comforts do not distract one from obligation.

What is the narrative situation?

The messengers continue their route, crossing/going beyond the Śaradaṇḍā river and pressing onward quickly.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Urgency joined with restraint—speed without indulgence.