Valmiki Ramayana 2.55.13: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 55, Shloka 13

चित्रकूटमार्गोपदेशः · Instructions for the Chitrakuta Route and the Yamuna Crossing

Devanagari script

अथाऽसाद्य तु कालिन्दीं शीघ्रस्रोतोवहां नदीम् ।

चिन्तामापेदिरे सर्वे नदीजलतितीर्षवः ॥१३॥

Recitation with translationValmiki Ramayana 2.55.13

Transliteration

athāsādya tu kālindīṃ śīghra-srotovahāṃ nadīm |

cintām āpedire sarve nadī-jala-titīrṣavaḥ ||13||

Translation

ครั้นไปถึงแม่น้ำกาลินทีอันไหลเชี่ยวแล้ว ทุกคนผู้ปรารถนาจะข้ามสายน้ำนั้น ก็พากันตกอยู่ในความครุ่นคิดไตร่ตรอง

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Word by Word

• अथ: then
• अथ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atha (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (conjunction) ‘then/thereafter’

• आसाद्य: having reached
• आसाद्य: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण/पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + सद् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त/ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund) ‘having reached’

• तु: indeed
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (particle) contrast/emphasis

• कालिन्दीम्: Kalindi
• कालिन्दीम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कालिन्दी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• शीघ्रस्रोतोवहाम्: swift-flowing
• शीघ्रस्रोतोवहाम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शीघ्र + स्रोतस् + वह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (शीघ्रं स्रोतः वहति या) ‘carrying swift current’

• नदीम्: river
• नदीम्: Karma (कर्म; apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नदी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; apposition

• चिन्ताम्: anxiety
• चिन्ताम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चिन्ता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• आपेदिरे: fell into; experienced
• आपेदिरे: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + पद् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद

• सर्वे: all (of them)
• सर्वे: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• नदीजलतितीर्षवः: wishing to cross the river
• नदीजलतितीर्षवः: Karta (कर्ता; qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नदी + जल + तितीर्षु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषण; तत्पुरुषसमासः (नदीजलम् तितीर्षवः) ‘desiring to cross the river-water’

Context

Thereafter, they all reached the rapidly flowing river Kalindi and began pondering how to cross it.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Lakṣmaṇa
• Sītā
• Kālindī (Yamunā)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes practical discernment (viveka): before acting, they assess danger and plan a safe crossing rather than rushing into risk.

What is the narrative situation?

They arrive at the fast-flowing Yamunā and consider how to cross.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Prudence and responsibility—careful decision-making in the face of natural obstacles.