Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 51, Shloka 2

अयोध्याकाण्डे एकपञ्चाशः सर्गः — Guha’s Vigil and Lakṣmaṇa’s Lament

Night on the riverbank

Devanagari script

इयं तात सुखा शय्या त्वदर्थमुपकल्पिता।प्रत्याश्वसिहि साध्वस्यां राजपुत्र यथासुखम्।।।।

Transliteration

iyaṃ tāta sukhā śayyā tvadartham upakalpitā | pratyāśvasihi sādhv asyāṃ rājaputra yathāsukham ||

Translation

โอ ราชบุตรเอ๋ย ที่นอนอันสุขสบายนี้จัดไว้เพื่อท่านโดยเฉพาะ ขอท่านจงพักผ่อนบนนี้อย่างผาสุกตามอัธยาศัยเถิด

Word by Word

• इयम्: this
• इयम्: कर्ता
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• तात: dear (sir)
• तात: सम्बोधन (Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तात (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative/सम्बोधन), एकवचन

• सुखा: comfortable
• सुखा: कर्ता-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुख (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; शय्या इत्यस्य विशेषण

• शय्या: bed
• शय्या: कर्ता
• Type: Noun
• Root: शय्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• त्वदर्थम्: for your sake
• त्वदर्थम्: प्रयोजन (Purpose)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास (for your sake); अव्ययवत् प्रयोग (indeclinable)

• उपकल्पिता: has been arranged
• उपकल्पिता: क्रिया-सम्बन्ध (Predicate participle)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप + कल्प् (धातु) + उपकल्पित (कृदन्त, क्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकृदन्त (past passive participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; शय्या इत्यस्य विधेय

• प्रत्याश्वसि: rest / take comfort
• प्रत्याश्वसि: क्रिया (Command)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्रति + आ + श्वस् (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• हि: indeed
• हि: निपात
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (particle: emphasis)

• साधु: well
• साधु: क्रियाविशेषण
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: साधु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb: ‘well’)

• अस्याम्: on this (bed)
• अस्याम्: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• राजपुत्र: O prince
• राजपुत्र: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक) + पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (राज्ञः पुत्रः); पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

• यथा-सुखम्: comfortably
• यथा-सुखम्: क्रियाविशेषण
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय) + सुख (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास (as comfortably as possible); अव्ययवत् प्रयोग

Context

That city (of Ayodhya) is full of loyal people. It brings them happiness. It is dear to them. It will perish due to the sad demise of the king.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Compassionate care and hospitality toward one’s rightful, beloved kin—supporting another’s well-being even amid looming hardship.

What is the narrative situation?

Within Ayodhyā’s tense palace atmosphere before the exile crisis fully unfolds, a maternal figure urges the prince to rest on a bed prepared for him.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Maternal tenderness and sāttvika concern—providing comfort and stability through proper conduct.