Valmiki Ramayana 2.46.5: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 46, Shloka 5

तमसातीरवासः · Night on the Bank of the Tamasa and the Stratagem to Elude the Citizens

Devanagari script

अनुरक्ता हि मनुजा राजानं बहुभिर्गुणैः ।

त्वां च मां च नरव्याघ्र शत्रुघ्न भरतौ तथा ॥५॥

Recitation with translationValmiki Ramayana 2.46.5

Transliteration

anuraktā hi manujā rājānaṃ bahubhir guṇaiḥ |

tvāṃ ca māṃ ca naravyāghra śatrughna-bharatau tathā ||5||

Translation

โอ้พยัคฆ์แห่งนรชน! ปวงชนย่อมภักดีจริง ด้วยคุณความดีนานาประการ ต่อพระราชา ต่อท่าน ต่อเรา และต่อภรตะกับศัตรุฆนะด้วย

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Word by Word

• anuraktāḥ: attached/devoted
• anuraktāḥ: Vidheyaviśeṣaṇa (predicate)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: anurakta (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā (Nominative/1st), Bahuvacana (Plural); predicate adjective of manujāḥ

• hi: indeed/for
• hi: Sambandha-bodhaka (particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; nipāta (emphasis/causal)

• manujāḥ: people
• manujāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: manuja (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā (Nominative/1st), Bahuvacana (Plural)

• rājānam: the king
• rājānam: Karma (कर्म/Object) (of anuraktāḥ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (Masculine), Dvitīyā (Accusative/2nd), Ekavacana (Singular)

• bahubhiḥ: with many
• bahubhiḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of guṇaiḥ
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bahu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (Masculine/Neuter), Tṛtīyā (Instrumental/3rd), Bahuvacana (Plural); agrees with guṇaiḥ

• guṇaiḥ: virtues
• guṇaiḥ: Karaṇa/Hetu (करण/हेतु) (cause/means of attachment)
• Type: Noun
• Root: guṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (Masculine), Tṛtīyā (Instrumental/3rd), Bahuvacana (Plural)

• tvām: you
• tvām: Karma (object of anuraktāḥ, understood)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Dvitīyā (Accusative/2nd), Ekavacana (Singular)

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; conjunction

• mām: me
• mām: Karma (object of anuraktāḥ, understood)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Dvitīyā (Accusative/2nd), Ekavacana (Singular)

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; conjunction

• nara-vyāghra: O tiger among men
• nara-vyāghra: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nara (प्रातिपदिक) + vyāghra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (Masculine), Sambodhana (Vocative), Ekavacana (Singular); karmadhāraya: naraḥ eva vyāghraḥ (tiger among men)

• śatrughna: O Śatrughna
• śatrughna: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śatrughna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (Masculine), Sambodhana (Vocative), Ekavacana (Singular)

• bharatau: Bharata (and another) / Bharata (dual form)
• bharatau: Karma (कर्म/Object) (of anuraktāḥ, understood)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bharata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā/Dvitīyā (Nom/Acc), Dvivacana (Dual); here as additional objects (accusative dual) in coordination

• tathā: likewise
• tathā: Samuccaya/Prakāra (coordination)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; adverb 'likewise/also'

Context

O best of men! because of our many virtues, the people (of Ayodhya) are indeed loyal to the king, to you, to me and to Satrughna and Bharata, too.

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• Lakshmana
• Dasharatha
• Bharata
• Shatrughna
• People of Ayodhya

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is linked to guṇa (virtue): legitimate authority and public loyalty arise from moral excellence rather than mere power.

What is the narrative situation?

As Rama departs, he reflects on how deeply the citizens are attached to the royal family.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Recognition of ethical leadership—Rama notes that devotion is earned through virtues.