Valmiki Ramayana 2.36.4: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 36, Shloka 4

अयोध्याकाण्डे षट्त्रिंशः सर्गः · Daśaratha’s orders for Rama’s escort; Kaikeyi’s fear; the Asamañjasa precedent

Devanagari script

ये चैनमुपजीवन्ति रमते यैश्च वीर्यतः ।

तेषां बहुविधं दत्त्वा तानप्यत्र नियोजय ॥४॥

Recitation with translationValmiki Ramayana 2.36.4

Transliteration

ye cainam upajīvanti ramate yaiś ca vīryataḥ |

teṣāṃ bahuvidhaṃ dattvā tān apy atra niyojaya ||4||

Translation

ส่วนผู้ที่ยังชีพด้วยการรับใช้พระองค์ และเหล่าวีรชนหนุ่มผู้เคยรื่นเริงเล่นสนุกกับพระองค์ด้วยเดชกล้า จงประทานของกำนัลนานาประการแก่พวกเขา แล้วแต่งตั้งให้เข้าประจำการที่นี่ด้วย

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Word by Word

• ye: those who
• ye: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Relative pronoun (यद्), Puṃliṅga, Nominative (1st), Plural

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• enam: him (Rama)
• enam: Karma (कर्म/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Puṃliṅga, Accusative (2nd), Singular

• upajīvanti: live by / depend on
• upajīvanti: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: upa + jīv (धातु)
• Form: Present (लट्), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Plural; with upasarga upa-

• ramate: he enjoys/sports
• ramate: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ram (धातु)
• Form: Present (लट्), Ātmanepada, 3rd person, Singular

• yaiḥ: with whom
• yaiḥ: Sahakari (सहकारी/associates)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Relative pronoun, Puṃliṅga, Instrumental (3rd), Plural

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• vīryataḥ: because of valor
• vīryataḥ: Hetu (हेतु/cause)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vīrya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Ablative used adverbially (पञ्चमी-अर्थे अव्ययीभाववत्): vīryāt; expresses 'by reason of valor'

• teṣām: of them
• teṣām: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Puṃliṅga, Genitive (6th), Plural

• bahu-vidham: many kinds (of gifts)
• bahu-vidham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bahu (प्रातिपदिक) + vidha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Karmadhāraya: many kinds; Napumsaka, Accusative (2nd), Singular; object of dattvā (what is given)

• dattvā: having given
• dattvā: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: dā (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/gerund (क्त्वा) from √dā; 'having given'

• tān: them
• tān: Karma (कर्म/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Puṃliṅga, Accusative (2nd), Plural

• api: also
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (समुच्चय/अपि-निपात)

• atra: here
• atra: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/context)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atra (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (देश/प्रसङ्गवाचक अव्यय)

• niyojaya: employ/assign
• niyojaya: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ni + yuj (धातु)
• Form: Imperative (लोट्), Parasmaipada, 2nd person (मध्यमपुरुष), Singular; causative sense 'appoint/engage'

Context

Bestow immense wealth on those who depended on Rama for their living and on the gallant youths with whom he used to sport. Send them along with the entourage.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma (implied)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as responsibility toward dependents: those sustained by a leader should not be abandoned; they are to be supported with gifts and rightful placement.

What is the narrative situation?

Arrangements are being made regarding who should accompany or be assigned in connection with Rāma, including those tied to him by service and companionship.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Protective kingship and generosity—ensuring livelihoods and honoring loyal associates through appropriate support.