Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 3, Shloka 35

यौवराज्याभिषेक-उपकल्पनम्

Preparations for Rama’s Installation as Yuvaraja

Devanagari script

तदासनवरं प्राप्य व्यदीपयत राघवः।।।।स्वयैव प्रभया मेरुमुदये विमलो रविः।

Transliteration

tad āsanavaraṃ prāpya vyadīpayata rāghavaḥ |

svayaiva prabhayā merum udaye vimalaḥ raviḥ ||

Translation

ครั้นประทับบนอาสนะอันประเสริฐนั้นแล้ว พระราฆวะก็เปล่งรัศมีรุ่งโรจน์—ดุจสุริยันยามอรุณอันผ่องใส ส่องเขาพระเมรุด้วยแสงของตนเอง

Word by Word

• तत्: that
• तत्: कर्मविशेषण (Object-qualifier/कर्मविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying 'āsanavaram')

• आसन-वरम्: the excellent seat
• आसन-वरम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आसन (प्रातिपदिक) + वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुषसमासः (determinative): आसनानां वरम्/श्रेष्ठम्; नपुंसकलिङ्गे, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• प्राप्य: having obtained
• प्राप्य: पूर्वकाल-क्रिया (Prior action/पूर्वक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-आप् (धातु) + ल्यप् (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त्वान्त/ल्यपन्त अव्ययकृदन्तः (gerund/absolutive), ‘having obtained’

• व्यदीपयत: shone brightly / illumined
• व्यदीपयत: क्रिया (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-दीप् (धातु) (कारण-णिच्)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect/लङ्), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; कारण-क्रिया (causative sense: ‘made shine/shone forth’)

• राघवः: Raghava (Rama)
• राघवः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राघव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• स्वया: by his own
• स्वया: करणविशेषण (Instrument-qualifier/करणविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्व (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying 'prabhayā')

• एव: indeed, just
• एव: अवधारण (Emphasis/अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: निश्चय/अवधारण-अव्यय (emphatic particle)

• प्रभया: with (his) radiance
• प्रभया: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रभा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे, तृतीया, एकवचन; करणम्

• मेरुम्: Mount Meru
• मेरुम्: उपमान (Standard of comparison/उपमान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मेरु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया, एकवचन; उपमान (object of comparison)

• उदये: at sunrise
• उदये: अधिकरण (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उदय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; अधिकरणम् (locative)

• विमलः: clear, spotless
• विमलः: कर्तृविशेषण (Subject-qualifier/कर्तृविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विमल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying 'raviḥ')

• रविः: the sun
• रविः: उपमेय (Compared entity/उपमेय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रवि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Context

The lofty seat Rama occupied was illuminated by him resplenderce like mount Meru in the translucent rays of the morning Sun.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma (Rāghava)
• Meru
• Ravi (Sun)
• āsana (seat)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

True worth naturally manifests; dharmic excellence is portrayed as self-evident radiance rather than something needing proclamation.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma takes the honored seat offered by Daśaratha, and his presence elevates the scene.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s innate tejas (splendor born of virtue and self-mastery).