Valmiki Ramayana 2.19.10 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 19, Shloka 10

एकोनविंशः सर्गः (Sarga 19): Rāma’s Unshaken Acceptance of Exile and Kaikeyī’s Urgency

Devanagari script

गच्छन्तु चैवानयितुं दूताश्श्रीघ्रजवैर्हयैः।भरतं मातुलकुलादद्यैव नृपशासनात्।।2.19.10।।

Transliteration

gacchantu caivānayituṃ dūtāḥ śīghrajavair hayaiḥ |

bharataṃ mātulakulād adyaiva nṛpaśāsanāt || 2.19.10 ||

Translation

ด้วยพระบัญชาของพระราชา จงให้ทูตทั้งหลายออกเดินทางในวันนี้เอง ด้วยม้าอันเร็วแรง เพื่อไปรับพระภรตกลับมาจากตระกูลของพระมาตุล

Word by Word

• गच्छन्तु: let (them) go
• गच्छन्तु: Vidhi (विधि/आज्ञा)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (imperative), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• एव: indeed; just
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक निपात (emphasis)

• आनयितुम्: to bring
• आनयितुम्: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/उद्देश्य)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-नी (धातु)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (infinitive), ‘to bring’

• दूताः: messengers
• दूताः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dūta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• शीघ्रजवैः: swift-speeded
• शीघ्रजवैः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शीघ्रजव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति, बहुवचन; समासः शीघ्रः जवः यस्य (कर्मधारयः)

• हयैः: by horses
• हयैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: haya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• भरतम्: Bharata
• भरतम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bharata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन

• मातुलकुलात्: from the maternal-uncle’s house
• मातुलकुलात्: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मातुलकुल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी विभक्ति (Ablative), एकवचन; समासः मातुलस्य कुलम् (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः)

• अद्य: today
• अद्य: Kala-adhikarana (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: adya (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of time)

• एव: itself; right away
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक निपात (emphasis)

• नृपशासनात्: by the king’s order
• नृपशासनात्: Hetu (हेतु/कारण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृपशासन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी विभक्ति (Ablative), एकवचन; समासः नृपस्य शासनम् (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः)

Context

With the king's orders let messengers go right away on swift horses to fetch Bharata from his maternal uncle's house.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• King (Daśaratha, implied by 'nṛpa')

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as orderly governance and truthfulness to command: arrangements are made promptly and transparently according to the king’s directive, preserving institutional and familial order.

What is the narrative situation?

With Rāma’s departure imminent, Bharata is to be summoned back quickly from his maternal relatives.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Practical responsibility and obedience to legitimate authority: swift execution of the king’s order without confusion or delay.