Valmiki Ramayana 2.12.86 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 12, Shloka 86

द्वादशः सर्गः — Kaikeyi’s Boons and Dasaratha’s Moral Collapse

Ayodhya Kanda 12

Devanagari script

यदि मे राघवः कुर्याद्वनं गच्छेति चोदितः।प्रतिकूलं प्रियं मे स्यान्न तु वत्सः करिष्यति।।।।

Transliteration

yadi me rāghavaḥ kuryād vanaṃ gaccheti coditaḥ | pratikūlaṃ priyaṃ me syān na tu vatsaḥ kariṣyati ||

Translation

หากเมื่อเรากำชับว่า “จงไปสู่ป่า” แล้วราฆวะกลับทำสวนคำสั่ง นั่นจะตรงกับความปรารถนาของเรา; แต่บุตรอันเป็นที่รักย่อมไม่ทำเช่นนั้น

Word by Word

• यदि: if
• यदि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yadi (अव्यय)
• Form: सम्बन्धबोधक-अव्ययम् (conditional particle)

• मे: of me / to me
• मे: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचनम्; सर्वनाम (genitive: 'of me/to me' by context)

• राघवः: Rāghava (Rāma)
• राघवः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचनम्

• कुर्यात्: should do
• कुर्यात्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचनम्

• वनम्: to the forest
• वनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचनम्; गमनस्य लक्ष्यस्थानम्

• गच्छ: go
• गच्छ: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: gam (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (imperative), परस्मैपदम्, मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचनम्; उद्धृतवाक्ये (direct speech)

• इति: thus
• इति: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: उक्त्यर्थक-अव्ययम् (quotative particle)

• चोदितः: urged / instructed
• चोदितः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: cud (धातु) + ta (क्त, क्तप्रत्यय)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्तः (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; 'राघवः' इति विशेष्यस्य विशेषणम्

• प्रतिकूलम्: unfavorable
• प्रतिकूलम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pratikūla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचनम्; 'प्रियम्' इति विशेष्यस्य विशेषणम्

• प्रियम्: a welcome/pleasant thing
• प्रियम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: priya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचनम्; 'स्यात्' इत्यस्य कर्तृपदम् (predicate nominative)

• मे: for me
• मे: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचनम्; सम्बन्धे

• स्यात्: would be
• स्यात्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: as (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचनम्

• न: not
• न: Pratishedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्ययम् (negation particle)

• तु: but
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण/विरोधार्थक-अव्ययम् (but/however)

• वत्सः: (my) son, dear child
• वत्सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vatsa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; स्नेहार्थे (vocative-sense in meaning though form is nominative)

• करिष्यति: will do
• करिष्यति: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (simple future), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचनम्

Context

If this scion of the Raghu race (Rama) urged to go to the forest acts against my order, it will be welcome but my son will not do it.

Characters & Entities

• Daśaratha
• Rāma (Rāghava)
• forest (vana)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Even when an order is painful or unjust, the ideal son in the epic does not break the father’s command; the verse highlights commitment to duty over personal preference.

What is the narrative situation?

Daśaratha reveals his anguish: part of him wishes Rāma would resist the exile-command, but he knows Rāma’s nature is to obey.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s steadfast adherence to duty (pitṛ-vākya-paripālana), contrasted with Daśaratha’s torn emotions.