Previous Verse
Next Verse

Valmiki Ramayana 2.12.37Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 12, Shloka 37

द्वादशः सर्गः — Kaikeyi’s Boons and Dasaratha’s Moral Collapse

Ayodhya Kanda 12

इति दुःखाभिसन्तप्तं विलपन्तमचेतनम्।घूर्णमानं महाराजं शोकेन समभिप्लुतम्।।।।पारं शोकार्णवस्याशु प्रार्थयन्तं पुनः पुनः।प्रत्युवाचाथ कैकेयी रौद्रा रौद्रतरं वचः।।।।

iti duḥkhābhisantaptaṃ vilapantam acetanaṃ |

ghūrṇamānaṃ mahārājaṃ śokena samabhiplutam ||

pāraṃ śokārṇavasyāśu prārthayantaṃ punaḥ punaḥ |

pratyuvācātha kaikeyī raudrā raudrataraṃ vacaḥ ||

ดังนั้นมหาราชผู้ถูกความทุกข์แผดเผา คร่ำครวญอย่างไร้สติ โคลงเคลงและจมอยู่ในโศกเศร้า วอนขอครั้งแล้วครั้งเล่าให้พาข้ามไปยังฝั่งไกลแห่งมหาสมุทรแห่งโศกโดยเร็ว ครั้นแล้วไกเกยีผู้ดุร้ายโดยสันดาน ก็ตอบกลับด้วยถ้อยคำที่ดุร้ายยิ่งกว่า

इतिthus
इति:
वाक्य-सम्बन्ध (Discourse marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण/प्रकार-अव्यय (quotative/thus)
दुःखाभिसन्तप्तम्tormented by grief
दुःखाभिसन्तप्तम्:
विशेषण (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootदुःख + अभि + सन्तप्त (तप्-धातु, क्त-प्रत्यय; कृदन्त)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle) विशेषणम्
विलपन्तम्lamenting
विलपन्तम्:
विशेषण (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootवि + लप् (धातु) (शतृ-प्रत्यय; कृदन्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमान-कृदन्त (present participle)
अचेतनम्unconscious; senseless
अचेतनम्:
विशेषण (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootअचेतन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम्
घूर्णमानम्reeling; staggering
घूर्णमानम्:
विशेषण (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootघूर्ण्/घूर्णय् (धातु) (शानच्-प्रत्यय; कृदन्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; शानच्-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमान-कृदन्त (present middle participle)
महाराजम्the great king
महाराजम्:
कर्म (Karma)
TypeNoun
Rootमहा + राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
शोकेनwith sorrow
शोकेन:
करण (Karana/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootशोक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental), एकवचन
समभिप्लुतम्overwhelmed
समभिप्लुतम्:
विशेषण (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootसम् + अभि + प्लु (धातु) (क्त-प्रत्यय; कृदन्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP) विशेषणम्
पारम्the far shore; the other side
पारम्:
कर्म (Karma)
TypeNoun
Rootपार (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
शोकार्णवस्यof the ocean of sorrow
शोकार्णवस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootशोक + अर्णव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), एकवचन
आशुquickly
आशु:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआशु (अव्यय)
Formकाल/रीति-अव्यय (adverb: quickly)
प्रार्थयन्तम्beseeching
प्रार्थयन्तम्:
विशेषण (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र + अर्थय् (धातु) (शतृ-प्रत्यय; कृदन्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमान-कृदन्त
पुनःagain
पुनः:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः (अव्यय)
Formपुनरावृत्ति-अव्यय (adverb: again)
पुनःagain (repeatedly)
पुनः:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः (अव्यय)
Formपुनरावृत्ति-अव्यय (reduplication for emphasis)
प्रत्युवाचreplied
प्रत्युवाच:
क्रिया (Verb/Action)
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति + वच् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
अथthen
अथ:
वाक्य-सम्बन्ध (Discourse marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ (अव्यय)
Formअनन्तर-अव्यय (then/thereupon)
कैकेयीKaikeyi
कैकेयी:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootकैकेयी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन
रौद्राcruel; fierce
रौद्रा:
विशेषण (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootरौद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (कैकेयी-विशेषण)
रौद्रतरम्more fierce
रौद्रतरम्:
विशेषण (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootरौद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तरप्-प्रत्यय (comparative) विशेषणम्
वचःwords; speech
वचः:
कर्म (Karma)
TypeNoun
Rootवचस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन

Then the fierce Kaikeyi used fiercer words in reply to the king who was tormented with grief and filled with tears, senses switched off, head reeling, overwhelmed with pain, beseeching again and again to ferry him across the ocean of sorrow as quickly as possible:

D
Daśaratha (mahārāja)
K
Kaikeyī
Ś
śoka (grief)

FAQs

The passage contrasts compassion with cruelty: when a person is overwhelmed by suffering, dharma calls for gentleness, yet Kaikeyī answers with increased harshness.

After Daśaratha’s repeated pleas and visible collapse into grief, the narration sets up Kaikeyī’s response as stern and unyielding.

Not a virtue but a moral contrast: Kaikeyī’s raudratā (fierceness) is highlighted against Daśaratha’s helpless sorrow.

Ask anything about this verse

A free Google sign-in keeps your chat saved across web and the app.

Read Valmiki Ramayana in the Vedapath app

Scan the QR code to open this directly in the app, with audio, word-by-word meanings, and more.

Continue reading in the Vedapath app

Open in App