Atharva Veda 9.5.21: Kanda 9, Anuvaka 1, Sukta 5, Mantra 21

Sukta 5

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

स॒त्यं च॒र्तं च॒ चक्षु॑षी॒ विश्वं॑ स॒त्यं श्र॒द्धा प्रा॒णो वि॒राट् शिरः॑ । ए॒ष वा अप॑रिमितो य॒ज्ञो यद॒जः पञ्चौ॑दनः

Sanskrit recitationAtharva Veda 9.5.21

IAST Transliteration

satyáṃ ca ṛtáṃ ca cákṣuṣī víśvaṃ satyáṃ śraddhā́ prāṇó virā́ṭ śíraḥ | eṣá vā aparimito yajñó yad ajáḥ pañcáudanáḥ

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Truth and Order are its two eyes; all is Truth: Faith is its breath; Virāj its head. This, verily, is the immeasured Sacrifice—namely, the Goat with the Fivefold Porridge.

Translation

ความจริงและระเบียบอันเที่ยง (ṛta) เป็นดวงตาทั้งสองของมัน; ทั้งปวงล้วนเป็นความจริง. ศรัทธา (śraddhā) เป็นลมหายใจของมัน; วิราช (Virāj) เป็นศีรษะของมัน. นี้แลคือยัญอันหาประมาณมิได้—คือ ‘แพะพร้อมข้าวต้มห้าส่วน’ (pañcaudana).

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Word by Word

• सत्यम्: truth; the true (principle)
• सत्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: सत्य (प्रातिपदिक; √अस् ‘to be’ से निष्पन्न) अथवा ‘सत्’ + -य

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (निपात)

• ऋतम्: cosmic order; rightness
• ऋतम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋत (प्रातिपदिक)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (निपात)

• चक्षुषी: the two eyes; two faculties of sight
• चक्षुषी: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: चक्षुस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• विश्वम्: all; the whole (universe)
• विश्वम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: विश्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• सत्यम्: truth
• सत्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: सत्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• श्रद्धा: faith; trust
• श्रद्धा: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्रद्धा (प्रातिपदिक)

• प्राणः: breath; vital force
• प्राणः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्राण (प्रातिपदिक; प्र-√अन् ‘to breathe’ से)

• विराट्: Virāṭ (the cosmic expansive one)
• विराट्: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective (title)
• Root: विराज्/विराट् (प्रातिपदिक)

• शिरः: head
• शिरः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिरस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• एषः: this (one)
• एषः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• वै: indeed
• वै: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै (निपात)

• अपरिमितः: immeasurable; unlimited
• अपरिमितः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ-परि-√मा (कृदन्त-विशेषण; ‘unmeasured’) / ‘अपरिमित’ (प्रातिपदिक)

• यज्ञः: sacrifice; ritual
• यज्ञः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक; √यज् ‘to worship/sacrifice’ से)

• यत्: which; that which
• यत्: Karma
• Type: Relative pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अजः: goat (or: the unborn one, ‘aja’)
• अजः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: अज (प्रातिपदिक)

• पञ्चौदनः: pañca-odana (fivefold cooked rice offering)
• पञ्चौदनः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: पञ्च-ओदन (समास-प्रातिपदिक)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic/Brāhmaṇa-style anonymous (as typical for AV ritual-prose hymnic units)

Devata: Yajña (sacrifice personified) / Virāj as cosmic principle

Chandas: Mixed/prose-like triṣṭubh-jagatī cadence; brāhmaṇa-style diction (not a strict RV hymn meter)

Mantra Rasa

Primary: shanta

Secondary: adbhuta