Sukta 86
Rishi: Atharvanic/Angirasa tradition (royal-stability corpus)
Devata: Rājya/Sāmrajya (personified sovereignty) / the King as ritual subject
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (probable; common in AV political charms)
บทสวดสั้นจากอถรรพเวทนี้เป็นมนต์ปุษฏิกะเพื่อ “ความมั่นคงแห่งราชอำนาจ” มุ่งรวบรวมอธิปไตยและความเป็นใหญ่ของบุรุษให้รวมอยู่ในผู้ประกอบพิธีเพียงผู้เดียว (โดยมากคือพระราชา) ด้วยการทำให้พระองค์สอดคล้องกับความเป็นเจ้าในระดับจักรวาล—พลังวัวของอินทรา อำนาจของมหาสมุทรเหนือกระแสธาร ความเป็นนายของอัคนีเหนือแผ่นดิน และการปกครองของจันทร์เหนือหมู่ดาว—บทสวดนี้มุ่งให้พระองค์เป็นเอกวฤษะ (“วัวผู้เดียวไร้ผู้ทัดเทียม”) คือผู้ไม่มีคู่แข่งหรือผู้เสมอในอำนาจและพลังให้กำเนิด
Kind of charm
Mantras
Mantra 1
वृषकामना। वृषेन्द्र॑स्य॒ वृषा॑ दि॒वो वृषा॑ पृथि॒व्या अ॒यम्। वृषा॒ विश्व॑स्य भू॒तस्य॒ त्वमे॑कवृ॒षो भ॑व
【เพื่อปรารถนาพลังความเป็นชาย】ชายผู้นี้เป็นดุจโคผู้: เป็นดุจโคผู้ร่วมกับอินทระผู้เป็นโคผู้ เป็นดุจโคผู้แห่งฟ้า เป็นดุจโคผู้แห่งแผ่นดิน. ท่านผู้เป็นโคผู้แห่งสรรพสิ่งที่บังเกิดแล้ว จงเป็นโคผู้เพียงหนึ่งเดียว ผู้เด่นเป็นใหญ่เถิด.
Mantra 2
स॒मु॒द्र ई॑शे स्र॒वता॑म॒ग्निः पृ॑थि॒व्या व॒शी। च॒न्द्रमा॒ नक्ष॑त्राणामीशे॒ त्वमे॑कवृ॒षो भ॑व
มหาสมุทรเป็นเจ้าแห่งสิ่งทั้งปวงที่ไหลไป; อัคนี (Agni) ผู้ทรงอำนาจเป็นเจ้าแห่งแผ่นดิน; จันทราเป็นเจ้าแห่งหมู่ดาว: ท่านจงเป็นโคผู้เพียงหนึ่งเดียว ผู้เด่นเป็นใหญ่เถิด.
Mantra 3
स॒म्राड॒स्यसु॑राणां क॒कुन्म॑नु॒ष्याऽणाम्। दे॒वाना॑मर्ध॒भाग॑सि॒ त्वमे॑कवृ॒षो भ॑व
ท่านคือผู้เป็นใหญ่เหนืออสูร (Asura) ทั้งหลาย เป็นยอดและความสูงส่งของมนุษย์ ท่านคือส่วนแบ่งครึ่งหนึ่งที่กำหนดแก่เหล่าเทพ ขอท่านจงเป็นโคผู้เดียว—ผู้ไม่มีผู้ทัดเทียม.
Inside Sukta 86
How it unfolds
- How it opens
The hymn opens by framing the rite as vṛṣakāmanā—desire for bull-like power—linking the subject to Indra and to Heaven and Earth as reservoirs of potency.
- What it asks
That the ritual subject become the ekavṛṣa, the unrivalled pre-eminent one, possessing sovereign control and generative strength.
- Where its power lies
Cosmic analogies assert inevitability: as ocean rules flows, Agni rules earth, and the moon rules stars, so the subject is to rule without peer.
- How it closes
The climax declares him ‘samrāṭ’ and ‘kakut’ of men, with the gods’ allotted share, repeatedly sealed by the imperative: ‘tvam ekavṛṣo bhava’.
Famous verses
tvam ekavṛṣo bhava
samudra īśe sravatām … tvam ekavṛṣo bhava
samrāḍ asi … kakun manuṣyāṇām … tvam ekavṛṣo bhava
Kind of hymn
Paustika (Prosperity/Political stability)
What it is for
To install and stabilize supreme kingship—political dominance, secure tribute/offerings, and unrivalled masculine vigor—by ritually declaring the subject the ekavṛṣa.
Who it is for
A king, prince, or political leader (and the officiating purohita/atharvan priest) seeking consolidation of rule, prestige, and succession-strength.
Also used as
- Rājya-sthāpanā (royal establishment)
- Sāmrajya-prāpti (attainment of paramount rule)
- Vīrya/puṃstva (virility and masculine pre-eminence)
- Stambhana (implicit rival-checking through superiority)
The deity
Sovereignty is treated as a transferable, stabilizable power that can ‘sit’ upon a ruler; it is reinforced by the archetype of Indra as vṛṣan (bull-like potency) and by cosmic rulers who model unchallenged domain-control (ocean over waters, fire over earth, moon over stars).
Powers of the deity
- Confers paramount sovereignty and public eminence (kakut: ‘crest’ among men)
- Stabilizes rightful share/portion (ardha-bhāga) in offerings, tribute, and authority
- Subdues or renders rivals non-competitive by establishing singular pre-eminence (ekavṛṣa)
- Increases virility, vigor, and generative potency as a political-theological sign of rulership
- Aligns the king’s rule with cosmic order by mapping him onto established cosmic lordships
Why the deity is called
To enthrone and consolidate the ruler as the unrivalled ‘single Bull,’ securing his legitimate share and making his supremacy as natural and uncontested as the cosmic hierarchies named in the verses.
The seer
- Atharvanic/Āṅgirasa (anukramaṇī tradition; specific r̥ṣi not marked here)Atharvan. Paustika and rājya-sthāpanā charms: enthronement-strengthening, rival-subduing, prosperity/tribute-securing, and virility/pre-eminence formulas using cosmic “lordship” analogies.
Other hymns of this seer
- AV 6.87 (adjacent royal/prosperity charm, traditional proximity)
- AV 6.88 (adjacent paustika material in the same corpus, traditional proximity)
- AV 3.4 (rājya/leadership-type charm traditions; attribution varies by recension)
Preparing for the rite
- Select the ritual subject (king/prince) and seat him facing east on a clean, elevated seat (āsandī/kuśa seat).
- Perform basic purification: ācamana, sprinkling with clean water, and a brief agni/śānti preface if customary.
- Establish intention (saṅkalpa) for rājya-siddhi, sāmrajya-sthairya, and vīrya.
- If used in a court setting, assemble insignia nearby (crown/turban, staff, banner) as symbolic supports (optional, not required by the text).
The rite
- Recite 6.86.1 over the subject, emphasizing vṛṣa/vṛṣan imagery to ‘charge’ vigor and pre-eminence.
- Recite 6.86.2 while touching or gesturing toward the directions/sky to invoke cosmic lordships (ocean–flows, Agni–earth, moon–stars).
- Recite 6.86.3 as the sealing proclamation of sovereignty and rightful share, concluding each verse with the command-formula ‘tvam ekavṛṣo bhava’.
- Optionally conclude with a silent moment of ‘installation’ (āsana-sthairya) and a blessing of stability over the subject’s head/shoulders.
What it needs
- None required by the hymn text
- Optional: clean water for sprinkling; kuśa grass seat; royal insignia as symbolic supports
When
Preferably during enthronement, before council/assembly, or at dawn on an auspicious tithi/nakṣatra; also suitable before campaigns or public proclamations.
Frequently Asked Questions
Literally “the single Bull,” it means the one unrivalled, pre-eminent male—politically, the king without a peer; ritually, the subject in whom sovereignty and vigor are concentrated.
Both: it uses virility language (vṛṣa/vṛṣan) as the embodied sign of dominance, and it culminates in explicit sovereignty claims (samrāṭ, kakut of men, rightful share).
Not in the text provided. It functions primarily as a declarative-installation charm; optional courtly symbols or purification water may be added by custom, but they are not mandated by the verses.
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