Atharva Veda 5.20.9: Kanda 5, Anuvaka 2, Sukta 20, Mantra 9

Sukta 20

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

सं॒क्रन्दनः॑ प्रव॒दो धृ॒ष्णुषे॑णः प्रवेद॒कृद् ब॑हु॒धा ग्रा॑मघो॒षी। श्रेयो॑ वन्वा॒नो व॒युना॑नि वि॒द्वान् की॒र्तिं ब॒हुभ्यो॒ वि ह॑र द्विरा॒जे

Recitation with translationAtharva Veda 5.20.9

IAST Transliteration

saṃ-krándanaḥ pravadó dhr̥ṣṇú-seṇaḥ pravedá-kr̥d bahudhā́ grāma-ghoṣī | śréyo vanvānáḥ vayúnāni vidvā́n kīrtíṃ bahúbhyo ví hara dvirā́je ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Arouser of the battle-cry, a herald, of daring host; a maker of foreknowledge, in many wise, village-resounding: seeking the better, knowing well the stratagems, bear thou forth fame from among the many, O lord of double splendour.

Translation

ผู้ปลุกเสียงโห่ร้องแห่งศึก ผู้ประกาศข่าว ผู้มีหมู่ทัพหาญกล้า; ผู้ก่อให้เกิดญาณรู้ล่วงหน้าได้หลายประการ จนก้องไปทั้งหมู่บ้าน. ผู้แสวงหาสิ่งประเสริฐ ผู้รู้กลยุทธ์ (vayunāni) อย่างถ่องแท้; โอ้เจ้าแห่งรัศมีคู่ จงนำชื่อเสียงออกมาจากท่ามกลางคนหมู่มาก.

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Word by Word

• संक्रन्दनः: the war-crier; one who makes a loud battle-cry
• संक्रन्दनः: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: सं-क्रन्द् (धातु) → संक्रन्दन (प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रवदः: the proclaimer/speaker; one who calls out
• प्रवदः: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: प्र-वाद् (धातु) → प्रवद (प्रातिपदिक)

• धृष्णुषेणः: having a bold/impetuous army
• धृष्णुषेणः: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: धृष्णु-सेन (प्रातिपदिक; बहुव्रीहि/तत्पुरुष-समास)

• प्रवेदकृत्: one who produces/causes foreknowledge; an inspirer of insight
• प्रवेदकृत्: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: प्र-विद् (धातु) + कृत् (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय; कृत् = ‘maker/doer’)

• बहुधा: in many ways; variously
• बहुधा: Adverbial
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: बहुधा (अव्यय; बहु + धा)

• ग्रामघोषी: raising a village-cry; sounding through the settlement
• ग्रामघोषी: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: ग्राम-घोषिन् (प्रातिपदिक; समास)

• श्रेयः: the better good; welfare
• श्रेयः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्रेयस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• वन्वानः: seeking; striving after
• वन्वानः: Kartā
• Type: Participle (Adjectival)
• Root: वन्/वन्व् (धातु ‘to seek, strive for’) → वन्वान (वर्तमान कृदन्त/शतृ-प्राय)

• वयुनानि: devices/means; wise arrangements; skills
• वयुनानि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वयुन (प्रातिपदिक)

• विद्वान्: knowing; wise
• विद्वान्: Kartā
• Type: Participle (Adjectival)
• Root: विद् (धातु) → विद्वस् (कृदन्त ‘knower’)

• कीर्तिम्: fame; renown
• कीर्तिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कीर्ति (प्रातिपदिक)

• बहुभ्यः: to/for many (people)
• बहुभ्यः: Sampradāna
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: बहु (प्रातिपदिक)

• वि: apart; forth; widely (as verbal prefix)
• वि: Preverb
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• हर: carry/bring (forth); bestow
• हर: (to be supplied) — action directed toward ‘कीर्तिम्’
• Type: Verb
• Root: हृ (धातु) — लोट्

• द्विराजे: O twofold-radiant/dual-sovereign one
• द्विराजे: Addressed entity (Sambodhana)
• Type: Noun/Adjective (vocative epithet)
• Root: द्विराज्/द्विराज (प्रातिपदिक; ‘twofold-ruling/bright’)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic/Angirasa milieu (traditional attribution uncertain in this unit)

Devata: Indra/royal power (implicit); kīrti as functional devatā

Chandas: Triṣṭubh-like (martial praise style)

Mantra Rasa

Primary: vira

Secondary: adbhuta