Atharva Veda 4.20.3: Kanda 4, Anuvaka 2, Sukta 20, Mantra 3

Sukta 20

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

दि॒व्यस्य॑ सुप॒र्णस्य॒ तस्य॑ हासि क॒नीनि॑का । सा भूमि॒मा रु॑रोहिथ व॒ह्यं श्रा॒न्ता व॒धूरि॑व

IAST Transliteration

divyásya supárṇasya tásya hási kanī́nikā | sā́ bhū́mim ā́ ruróhitha vahyáṃ śrā́ntā vadhū́r iva

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Of the heavenly fair-winged one—of him, indeed—thou art the eye’s pupil. Down to the earth hast thou come forth, to be borne about, wearied as it were, like a bride.

Translation

ท่านคือดวงตาดำแห่งผู้มีปีกงามผู้สถิตในสวรรค์—แท้จริงคือผู้นั้นเอง. ท่านได้งอกเกิดลงสู่แผ่นดิน เพื่อให้เขาพกพาไปมา ราวกับอ่อนล้า ดุจเจ้าสาว.

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Word by Word

• दिव्यस्य: of the heavenly/divine
• दिव्यस्य: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी-सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दिव्य (प्रातिपदिक; दिव् ‘द्युतौ/स्वर्गे’ से) अथवा दिव्-सम्बद्ध

• सुपर्णस्य: of the fair-winged (bird)
• सुपर्णस्य: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी-सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुपर्ण (प्रातिपदिक; सु- + पर्ण)

• तस्य: of that (one)
• तस्य: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी-सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• ह: indeed/just
• ह: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ह (निपात)

• असि: you are
• असि: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)

• कनीनिका: pupil of the eye / little girl (here: ‘pupil’)
• कनीनिका: कर्तृ/विधेय-नाम (प्रथमा; ‘असि’ का विधेय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कनीनिका (प्रातिपदिक)

• सा: she/that (f.)
• सा: कर्ता
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• भूमिम्: the earth/ground
• भूमिम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूमि (प्रातिपदिक)

• आ: towards, onto
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग)

• रुरोहिथ: you have mounted/ascended (onto)
• रुरोहिथ: — (कर्म ‘भूमिम्’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: रुह् (धातु) + आ (उपसर्ग)

• वह्यम्: that which is to be carried / a conveyance
• वह्यम्: कर्म (रुरोहिथ का; ‘वह्यम्’ = वहनीयम्/वाह्यम्) अथवा विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वह्य (प्रातिपदिक; √वह् ‘वहने’ से) अथवा वह्य- ‘वाह्य/वहनीय’

• श्रान्ता: wearied, tired
• श्रान्ता: कर्ता-विशेषण (सा … श्रान्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: श्रान्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √श्रम् ‘खेदे’ से क्त)

• वधूर्: bride / young woman
• वधूर्: कर्ता (उपमान-आधारः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वधू (प्रातिपदिक)

• इव: like, as
• इव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (उपमा-अव्यय)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition

Devata: Devī Oṣadhi (with celestial ‘suparṇa’ mythic linkage)

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh

Mantra Rasa

Primary: adbhuta

Secondary: shringara