Atharva Veda 4.4.5: Kanda 4, Anuvaka 1, Sukta 4, Mantra 5

Sukta 4

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

अ॒पां रसः॑ प्रथम॒जोऽथो॒ वन॒स्पती॑नाम्। उ॒त सोम॑स्य॒ भ्राता॑स्यु॒तार्शम॑सि॒ वृष्ण्य॑म्

Sanskrit recitationAtharva Veda 4.4.5

IAST Transliteration

apā́m ráso prathamajó ’thó vanaspátīnām | utá sómasya bhrā́tā́sy utā́rśam ási vṛ́ṣṇyam ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Thou art the Waters’ sap, first-born; yea, the very essence of the lordly Plants. Moreover thou art Soma’s brother; moreover thou art the virile, the bull-like might.

Translation

ท่านคือรสแก่นแห่งสายน้ำ ผู้บังเกิดก่อนเป็นปฐม; และเป็นแก่นแท้แห่งพืชผู้เป็นเจ้า (vanaspati) ทั้งหลาย. อีกทั้งท่านเป็นพี่น้องของโสมะ (Soma); อีกทั้งท่านคือพลังอันองอาจ ดุจพญาวัวผู้กำยำ.

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Word by Word

• अपाम्: of the waters
• अपाम्: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी) / अधिकरण-सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप् (प्रातिपदिक)

• रसः: sap, essence
• रसः: कर्तृ/विधेय (प्रथमा)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रस (प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रथमजः: first-born
• प्रथमजः: विशेषण (रसस्य) / विधेय
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रथम + ज (√जन्) (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

• अथो: and also
• अथो: समुच्चय/अन्वय-सूचक
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथो (अव्यय)

• वनस्पतीनाम्: of the plants/trees
• वनस्पतीनाम्: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वनस्पति (प्रातिपदिक)

• उत: and
• उत: समुच्चय
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत (अव्यय)

• सोमस्य: of Soma
• सोमस्य: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम (प्रातिपदिक)

• भ्रातासि: you are (the) brother
• भ्रातासि: विधेय-सम्बन्ध (तुल्याधिकरण) / कर्तृ-सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun+Verb
• Root: भ्रातृ (प्रातिपदिक) + √अस् (धातु) (अस्मि-लट्)

• उत: and
• उत: समुच्चय
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत (अव्यय)

• अर्शम्: (the disease) piles/haemorrhoids
• अर्शम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्श (प्रातिपदिक)

• असि: you are
• असि: विधेय (अस्ति-सम्बन्ध) / कर्तृ-सम्बन्ध
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अस् (धातु)

• वृष्ण्यम्: virile strength; bull-like potency
• वृष्ण्यम्: कर्म (अर्शम् इति कर्मस्य विशेषण/पर्याय-भाव) अथवा द्वितीयाविधेय
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: वृष्ण्य (प्रातिपदिक)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvan/Āṅgirasa (hymn-cycle attribution typical for AV 4th kāṇḍa charms)

Devata: Vanaspati/Osadhi-rasa (plant-essence), with Soma as paradigmatic correlate

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (predominant charm-meter; pāda-structure consistent with AV usage)

Mantra Rasa

Primary: adbhuta

Secondary: shanta