Atharva Veda 2.4.5: Kanda 2, Anuvaka 1, Sukta 4, Mantra 5

Sukta 4

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

श॒णश्च॑ मा जङ्गि॒डश्च॒ विष्क॑न्धाद॒भि र॑क्षताम्। अर॑ण्याद॒न्य आभृ॑तः कृ॒ष्या अ॒न्यो रसे॑भ्यः

Recitation with translationAtharva Veda 2.4.5

IAST Transliteration

śaṇaś cá mā jaṅgiḍaś ca víṣkandhād abhí rakṣatām | araṇyā̀d anyá ā́bhṛtaḥ kṛṣyā́ anyó rasébhyaḥ

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Let Śaṇa and Jaṅgiḍa guard me against the Viṣkandha. One is brought from the forest; the other from the tilled field, from the plant-juices.

Translation

ขอศณะ (Śaṇa) และชังคิฑะ (Jaṅgiḍa) จงคุ้มครองข้าจากวิษกันธะ (Viṣkandha) หนึ่งถูกนำมาจากป่า อีกหนึ่งมาจากไร่นา จากน้ำยางน้ำคั้นแห่งพืชสมุนไพร

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Word by Word

• शणः: hemp (plant/personified)
• शणः: कर्तृ (रक्षताम्-क्रियायाः कर्ता) सह-समुच्चितः
• Type: Noun
• Root: शण (प्रातिपदिक) [=शण- ‘hemp/śaṇa-plant’]

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)

• मा: me
• मा: कर्म (रक्षताम्—‘protect me’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → मा (द्वितीया-एकवचन, एनक्लिटिक) अथवा ‘माम्’

• जङ्गिडः: the jaṅgiḍa (a protective herb/amulet)
• जङ्गिडः: कर्तृ (रक्षताम्-क्रियायाः कर्ता) सह-समुच्चितः
• Type: Noun
• Root: जङ्गिड (प्रातिपदिक) [औषधि/ताबीज-नाम; AV-विशिष्ट]

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)

• विष्कन्धात्: from viṣkandha (a disease/affliction)
• विष्कन्धात्: अपादान (यस्मात् रक्षणम्—‘from viṣkandha’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विष्कन्ध (प्रातिपदिक) [रोग/दोष-नाम; ‘obstructive ailment’]

• अभि: towards; over (in protection)
• अभि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• रक्षताम्: let (them) protect
• रक्षताम्: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: रक्ष् (धातु)

• अरण्यात्: from the forest/wilderness
• अरण्यात्: अपादान (यस्मात्—‘from the wilderness/forest’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अरण्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• अन्यः: another (one)
• अन्यः: कर्तृ (अध्याहृत-रक्षतु/रक्षताम् इत्यस्य) — ‘another (one) [protects]’
• Type: Pronoun/Adjective
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• आभृतः: brought (from there), procured
• आभृतः: कर्तृ-विशेषणम् (अन्यः) / साधन-निर्देशः
• Type: Participle (Adjective) / Kṛdanta
• Root: आ-√भृ (धातु) → आभृत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

• कृष्याः: from the cultivated field
• कृष्याः: अपादान (यस्मात्—‘from the cultivated field’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृषि/कृष्य (प्रातिपदिक) [‘cultivated field/tilled land’]

• अन्यः: another (one)
• अन्यः: कर्तृ (अध्याहृत-रक्षतु/रक्षताम्) — ‘another (one) [protects]’
• Type: Pronoun/Adjective
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• रसेभ्यः: from the saps/juices (of plants)
• रसेभ्यः: अपादान (यस्मात्—‘from saps/juices/essences’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रस (प्रातिपदिक) [‘sap/juice; essence’]

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (specific ṛṣi attribution for this single mantra is edition-dependent; commonly treated within the Jaṅgiḍa/viṣkandha healing complex).

Devata: Śaṇa and Jaṅgiḍa as personified protectors; implicitly the anti-graha power opposed to Viṣkandha.

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (probable; pāda-structure suggests an anuṣṭubh-like cadence, though Atharvanic anuṣṭubh is often flexible).

Mantra Rasa

Primary: shanta

Secondary: vira