Atharva Veda 18.4.53: Kanda 18, Anuvaka 1, Sukta 4, Mantra 53

Sukta 4

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

प॒र्णो राजा॑पि॒धानं॑ चरू॒णामू॒र्जो बलं॒ सह॒ ओजो॑ न॒ आग॑न्। आयु॑र्जी॒वेभ्यो॒ विद॑धद् दीर्घायु॒त्वाय॑ श॒तशा॑रदाय

Sanskrit recitationAtharva Veda 18.4.53

IAST Transliteration

parṇó rājā́pidhā́naṃ carūṇām ūrjó bálaṃ sáha ójo na ā́gan | ā́yur jīvébhyo vídadhad dīrghāyutvā́ya śatáśāradāya ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

The Leaf, a kingly covering of the cooked oblations, hath come to us with sap, with strength, with might, with vital power—bestowing life upon the living, for length of days, for a hundred autumns.

Translation

ใบไม้ (पर्ण) — ผู้ปกคลุมเครื่องบูชาที่ต้มสุก (चरु) ดุจราชา — มาถึงเราพร้อมด้วยพลังหล่อเลี้ยง (ऊर्ज) กำลัง (बल) อำนาจ (सह) และเดชชีวิต (ओज). ขอประทานอายุแก่ผู้มีชีวิต เพื่อความยืนยาว เพื่อให้ถึงร้อยฤดูใบไม้ร่วง.

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Word by Word

• पर्णः: the leaf (as a personified power)
• पर्णः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)

• राजा: king
• राजा: कर्तृ (पर्णः इत्यस्य विशेषण/समनाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• अपिधानम्: covering, lid; protective covering
• अपिधानम्: कर्म (आगन् इत्यस्य; ‘आगच्छतु’ इति भावः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अपि-धा (धातु) → अपिधान (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)

• चरूणाम्: of the sacrificial porridges (charus)
• चरूणाम्: सम्बन्ध (अपिधानम् इत्यस्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चरु (प्रातिपदिक)

• ऊर्जः: of nourishment/vigour
• ऊर्जः: सम्बन्ध (बलम् इत्यस्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऊर्ज्/ऊर्जा (प्रातिपदिक)

• बलम्: strength
• बलम्: कर्म (आगन् इत्यस्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बल (प्रातिपदिक)

• सह: together with
• सह: सहकार/सहभाव (समुच्चयार्थः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह (अव्यय)

• ओजः: vital force, energy
• ओजः: कर्म (आगन् इत्यस्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ओजस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• नः: to us / our
• नः: सम्प्रदान/सम्बन्ध (आगन्—‘अस्माकम्/अस्मभ्यं’ भावः)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• आगन्: may (they) come
• आगन्: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-गम् (धातु)

• आयुः: life, lifespan
• आयुः: कर्म (विदधद् इत्यस्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आयुस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• जीवेभ्यः: for the living beings
• जीवेभ्यः: सम्प्रदान (विदधद्—‘जीवेभ्यः’ = for the living)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: जीव (प्रातिपदिक)

• विदधत्: bestowing, arranging
• विदधत्: कर्तृ (आगन् इत्यस्य विशेषणवत्—‘(ते) विदधत्’)
• Type: Verb (present participle)
• Root: वि-धा (धातु)

• दीर्घायुत्वाय: for long life
• दीर्घायुत्वाय: सम्प्रदान/प्रयोजन (for the sake of)
• Type: Noun (abstract)
• Root: दीर्घायु-त्व (प्रातिपदिक; दीर्घायु + त्व)

• शतशारदाय: for (a life of) a hundred autumns/years
• शतशारदाय: सम्प्रदान/प्रयोजन (दीर्घायुत्वाय इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: शत-शारद (प्रातिपदिक; शत + शारद)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (variable Anukramaṇī assignment).

Devata: Parṇa (personified as protective power); indirectly Āyus/Longevity.

Chandas: Likely Anuṣṭubh-type (with Atharvanic variation).

Mantra Rasa

Primary: shanta

Secondary: adbhuta