Atharva Veda 1.4.3: Kanda 1, Anuvaka 1, Sukta 4, Mantra 3

Sukta 4

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

अ॒पो दे॒वीरुप॑ ह्वये॒ यत्र॒ गावः॒ पिब॑न्ति नः । सिन्धु॑भ्यः॒ कर्त्वं॑ ह॒विः

Recitation with translationAtharva Veda 1.4.3

IAST Transliteration

apó devī́r úpa hvaye yátra gā́vaḥ píbanti naḥ | síndhubhyaḥ kártvam havíḥ ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

The Waters, Goddesses, I call hitherward—there where our kine are wont to drink. From the rivers be the offering’s portion duly fashioned.

Translation

ข้าพเจ้าขอเชื้อเชิญเหล่าเทพีแห่งสายน้ำให้มาสู่ที่นี้—ยังที่ซึ่งโคของเรามักมาดื่มน้ำ. ขอให้ส่วนแห่งเครื่องบูชา (หวิส, havis) จากบรรดาแม่น้ำทั้งหลายถูกจัดทำให้ถูกต้องตามพิธี.

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Word by Word

• अपः: waters
• अपः: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप् (प्रातिपदिक)

• देवीः: goddesses / divine (f.)
• देवीः: कर्म
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: देवी (देव- प्रातिपदिक + ई)

• उप: near, towards
• उप: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उप

• ह्वये: I invoke / I call
• ह्वये: कर्तृ (अहं) + क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ह्वे (ह्वा/ह्वे) आह्वाने

• यत्र: where
• यत्र: अधिकरण
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यत्र

• गावः: cows
• गावः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो (प्रातिपदिक)

• पिबन्ति: drink
• पिबन्ति: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √पा (पिबति) पाने

• नः: for us / to us
• नः: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम)

• सिन्धुभ्यः: from the rivers / from the streams
• सिन्धुभ्यः: अपादान (स्रोतः) अथवा सम्प्रदान (उद्देश्य) — सन्दर्भतः ‘from the rivers’
• Type: Noun
• Root: सिन्धु (प्रातिपदिक)

• कृत्वम्: having made / as an act (Vedic usage)
• कृत्वम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable/Noun (Vedic)
• Root: कृत्वम् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘कृत्य/कृत’ से भाववाचक) अथवा ‘कृत्वा’ इत्यस्य वैदिक-रूपान्तरम् (पाठभेद-संभावना)

• हविः: oblation, offering
• हविः: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: हविस् (प्रातिपदिक)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (Āpaḥ-sūkta attribution varies by anukramaṇī; commonly treated as an Atharvan/Angiras-type invocation to Waters).

Devata: Āpaḥ (Waters), personified as Devīḥ

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (approx.; pāda-structure suggests anuṣṭubh-type cadence)

Mantra Rasa

Primary: shanta

Secondary: adbhuta