Rig Veda 8.31.5 — Mandala 8, Sukta 31, Mantra 5

Sukta 8.31

Devata: Likely a dual divinity (dampatī), compatible with Aśvinau or paired household-powers; Soma-pressing context implied

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

या दम्पती समनसा सुनुत आ च धावतः । देवासो नित्ययाशिरा ॥

Transliteration

yā́ dampatī́ sámanasā sunutá ā́ ca dhā́vataḥ | devā́so nítyayā́śírā ||

Translation

ఏకమనస్సుతో ఉన్న గృహాధిపతి దంపతులు, సుతం (సోమపీడనం) మరియు దాని ఆహ్వానాన్ని అనుసరించి వేగంగా చేరుతారు—దేవులవలె, నిత్య ఆనంద-సమృద్ధి (ఆశిష్) కలవారు.

Word by Word

• या: who (she/that)
• या: Kartā (relative subject) / viśeṣaṇa of दम्पती
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• दम्पती: the wedded pair (husband and wife)
• दम्पती: Kartā (subject of धावतः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दम्पती (prātipadika; dvandva/dual ‘house-lord and lady’)

• समनसा: with one mind, in harmony
• समनसा: Karaṇa / hetu-bhāva (with one mind, in concord)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समनस् (prātipadika; sa- + मनस्)

• सुनुत: press (the Soma)!
• सुनुत: (to the addressed) Kartā implied; predicate command
• Type: Verb
• Root: सु (dhātu ‘to press/express (Soma)’) → सुनु (present stem)

• आ: hither, towards
• आ: — (directional/ingressive particle with धावतः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (upasarga)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (particle)

• धावतः: they two run/hasten
• धावतः: predicate; Kartā = दम्पती
• Type: Verb
• Root: धाव् (dhātu ‘to run, hasten’) → धाव (present stem)

• देवासः: the gods
• देवासः: Kartā (of an implied/copular sense; or apposition to दम्पती as ‘like gods’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (prātipadika)

• नित्ययाशिरा: with a constant benediction/prayer
• नित्ययाशिरा: Karaṇa / hetu-bhāva (with constant blessing/prayer)
• Type: Noun (compound/phrase in Vedic sandhi) used adverbially
• Root: नित्य-आशिस् (prātipadika; ‘constant prayer/blessing’) → नित्ययाशिस् (Vedic contraction)