Rig Veda 8.103.12: Mandala 8, Sukta 103, Mantra 12

Sukta 8.103

Devata: Agni

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

मा नो हृणीतामतिथिर्वसुरग्निः पुरुप्रशस्त एषः । यः सुहोता स्वध्वरः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 8.103.12

Transliteration

mā́ no hṛṇītām átithir vásur agníḥ puru-praśastá eṣáḥ | yáḥ su-hótā sva-dhvaráḥ ||

Translation

మా అతిథి—వసు (శుభసంపదగల) అగ్ని—అసంతుష్టుడవకూడదు; బహుప్రశంసితుడైన ఈయనే, సుహోతా, స్వధ్వర—సక్రమ యజ్ఞమార్గ—ాధిపతి.

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Word by Word

• मा: do not / let not
• मा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा (निषेध) / मा (अव्यय)

• नः: us / our
• नः: Sampradāna (contextual: ‘to us’) / सम्बन्ध (gen.)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• हृणीताम्: let (him/it) not be offended / let (him) not be angry
• हृणीताम्: Kriyā (predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हृ (हृणीते) ‘to be angry, to be offended; to be hostile’

• अतिथिः: the guest
• अतिथिः: Kartā (subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अतिथि- (प्रातिपदिक) < a- + तिथि (one without a fixed day)

• वसुः: the good one / beneficent
• वसुः: Kartā (apposition to अतिथिः)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: वसु- (प्रातिपदिक) ‘good, beneficent; wealth’

• अग्निः: Agni (fire-god)
• अग्निः: Kartā (apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि- (प्रातिपदिक)

• पुरुप्रशस्तः: much-praised
• पुरुप्रशस्तः: Kartā (qualifier of अग्निः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पुरु- + प्रशस्त- (ppp of √शंस ‘to praise’)

• एषः: this (one)
• एषः: Kartā (deictic, referring to Agni)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद् (प्रातिपदिक)

• यः: who
• यः: Kartā (relative clause subject)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (relative pronoun)

• सुहोता: the good Hotṛ / good invoker-priest
• सुहोता: Kartā (predicate-nominative of यः)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: सु- + होतृ- (agent noun from √हु ‘to sacrifice, offer’)

• स्वध्वरः: of good sacrifice / with good ritual course
• स्वध्वरः: Kartā (qualifier of यः/अग्निः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु- + अध्वर- (ritual, sacrifice) → स्वध्वर- ‘having good rite’