Rig Veda 3.45.4: Mandala 3, Sukta 45, Mantra 4
Sukta 3.45
- Rishi
- Viśvāmitra Gāthina
- Devata
- Indra
- Chandas
- Triṣṭubh
- Rasa
- Vira (heroism) and Adbhuta (wonder)
आ नस्तुजं रयिं भरांशं न प्रतिजानते । वृक्षं पक्वं फलमङ्कीव धूनुहीन्द्र सम्पारणं वसु ॥
ā́ nas tújaṁ rayíṁ bhárāṃśaṁ ná práti-jānate | vṛkṣáṁ pakváṁ phálam aṅkī́va dhūnuhī́ndra sam-pā́raṇaṁ vásu ||
మాకు ప్రేరేపించే సంపదను—ఆపలేని భాగంగా—తెచ్చి పెట్టు. హే ఇంద్రా, చెట్టునుంచి పండిన ఫలం ఊడ్చినట్లు దానిని మా కోసం ఊడ్చి దయచేయి; మమ్మల్ని సురక్షితంగా అవతలికి చేర్చే ధనమై అది ఉండుగాక.
Word by Word
- आ
- hither, forth (towards)Indeclinableउपसर्ग/निपात (preverb/particle)Root आ (उपसर्ग) / ā (preverb)
- नः
- of us / for usPronounषष्ठी (gen.), बहुवचन (pl.)Role Sampradāna (beneficiary; ‘for us’)Root अस्मद्
- तुजम्
- impelling, forcefulAdjectiveद्वितीया (acc.), एकवचन (sg.), पुल्लिङ्गRole Karma (object; qualifying ‘rayim’)Root तुज (प्रातिपदिक; ‘impelling/urging, strong’)
- रयिम्
- wealth, richesNounद्वितीया (acc.), एकवचन (sg.), पुल्लिङ्गRole KarmaRoot रयि (प्रातिपदिक)
- भर
- bring!Verbलोट् (imperative), मध्यम-पुरुष (2nd), एकवचन (sg.), परस्मैपदRole (क्रिया)Root भृ
- अंशम्
- a share, portionNounद्वितीया (acc.), एकवचन (sg.), पुल्लिङ्गRole Karma (apposition to ‘rayim’)Root अंश (प्रातिपदिक)
- न
- like, asIndeclinableउपमानार्थ/निपात (comparative particle ‘as/like’)Root न (निपात)
- प्रतिजानते
- they promise, they pledgeVerbलट् (present), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन (pl.), आत्मनेपदRole (क्रिया)Root प्रति-ज्ञा
- वृक्षम्
- treeNounद्वितीया (acc.), एकवचन (sg.), पुल्लिङ्गRole Karma (object of ‘धूनुहि’ in simile)Root वृक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
- पक्वम्
- ripeAdjectiveद्वितीया (acc.), एकवचन (sg.), पुल्लिङ्ग (agreeing with ‘वृक्षम्’)Role Karma (qualifier)Root पक्व (कृदन्त/विशेषण; from √पच् ‘to cook/ripen’)
- फलम्
- fruitNounद्वितीया (acc.), एकवचन (sg.), नपुंसकलिङ्गRole Karma (object/goal in simile: ‘fruit’ to be shaken down)Root फल (प्रातिपदिक)
- अङ्कीव
- like (one) with a hook; as with a hookIndeclinable (comparative) / Adjectival compoundइव = अव्यय; अङ्की = अङ्किन्- (nom. sg. m. used adverbially ‘like one with a hook’)Role Karaṇa/प्रकार (manner: ‘as with a hook’)Root अङ्किन् (प्रातिपदिक ‘hooked/with a hook’) + इव (निपात)
- धूनुहि
- shake down!Verbलोट् (imperative), मध्यम-पुरुष (2nd), एकवचन (sg.), परस्मैपदRole (क्रिया)Root धू
- इन्द्र
- O IndraNoun (vocative)सम्बोधन (voc.), एकवचन (sg.), पुल्लिङ्गRole सम्बोधन (addressed deity)Root इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
- सम्पारणम्
- safe passage; conveyance acrossNounद्वितीया (acc.), एकवचन (sg.), नपुंसकलिङ्गRole Karma (further object/apposition to ‘rayim’)Root सम्-पारण (प्रातिपदिक; ‘bringing across, conveyance, safe passage’)
- वसु
- a good/valuable boon; wealthNoun/Adjectiveद्वितीया (acc.), एकवचन (sg.), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (as ‘a good/valuable thing’, appositional)Role Karma (apposition)Root वसु (प्रातिपदिक)
Sandhi Notes
- Sandhi resolved as: आ नः तुजम् रयिम् भर अंशम् न प्रतिजानते । वृक्षम् पक्वम् फलम् अङ्की इव धूनुहि इन्द्र सम्पारणम् वसु । Notes: (1) न॒स्तुजं॑ = नः + तुजम्
- (2) भ॒रांशं॒ = भर + अंशम्
- (3) अ॒ङ्कीव॑ = अङ्की + इव (इव enclitic)
- (4) धूनु॒हीन्द्र॑ = धूनुहि + इन्द्र (hi + i → hī by vowel coalescence)
The meaning
Outer meaning
A prayer to Indra to bring an impelling wealth, a rightful share not to be withheld, and to “shake down” that wealth like ripe fruit from a tree—prosperity that enables safe passage across difficulties.
Inner meaning
The seeker asks the illumined Mind (Indra) to bring the “pressing/impelling” force of inner abundance (rayi)—not a denied portion of the soul’s inheritance. The image of ripe fruit shaken from the tree signifies mature realizations and ready gains of consciousness that can be made to fall into the active being when the time is ripe. “Sampāraṇaṃ vasu” is the inner wealth that carries the consciousness safely across the crossings: from confusion to clarity, from bondage to freedom, from the lower nature to the wide Truth.
Universal truth
When aspiration is ripe, higher intelligence can precipitate mature results into life—timely, rightful, and sufficient—so that one crosses crises with steadiness and inner resources rather than mere external support.
Themes
Prayer for spiritual wealth (rayi), Descent of matured results, Protection and crossing beyond obstacles
The seer
- Rishi
- Viśvāmitra Gāthina
- Lineage
- Viśvāmitra
- Other hymns
- Rig Veda 3.45.1, Rig Veda 3.45.2, Rig Veda 3.45.3, Rig Veda 3.46.1, Rig Veda 3.46.2, Rig Veda 3.46.3
Family tradition
Gāthin lineage of the Viśvāmitras (Maṇḍala 3), noted for hymns of spiritual conquest and the ascent from human limitation to divine wideness.
Significance
Viśvāmitra symbolizes the human soul’s transformation into a universal consciousness; his Indra hymns often depict the victorious illumination that releases inner riches and establishes right order (ṛta) in the being.
The deity
- Devata
- Indra
- Epithets
- vajrin (wielder of the thunderbolt), maghavan (bountiful), svarāṭ (self-ruler), vṛṣabha (bull, strong)
- Related deities
- Agni, Soma, Bṛhaspati, Uṣas, Maruts
Cosmic role
Breaker of obstructions, releaser of the waters/cows (light), lord of the luminous Mind who establishes victorious order against the Coverer.
Inner power
Illuminated intelligence with force—decisive discrimination and conquering clarity that precipitates mature results into life.
In ritual
Where it is used
Indra-focused offerings in Soma/pressing contexts; also general Indra śastra recitations in Śrauta sequences (broadly).
आ न॒स्तुजं॑ र॒यिं भ॒रांशं॒ न प्र॑तिजान॒ते । वृ॒क्षं प॒क्वं फल॑म॒ङ्कीव॑ धूनु॒हीन्द्र॑ स॒म्पार॑णं॒ वसु॑ ॥
आ । नः॒ । तुज॑म् । र॒यिम् । भ॒र॒ । अंश॑म् । न । प्र॒ति॒ऽजा॒न॒ते । वृ॒क्षम् । प॒क्वम् । फल॑म् । अ॒ङ्कीऽइ॑व । धू॒नु॒हि॒ । इन्द्र॑ । स॒म्ऽपार॑णम् । वसु॑ ॥
ā | naḥ | tujam | rayim | bhara | aṃśam | na | prati-jānate | vṛkṣam | pakvam | phalam | aṅkī-iva | dhūnuhi | indra | sam-pāraṇam | vasu
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4 pādas of ~11 syllables each (Triṣṭubh cadence; exact scan may vary by resolution of sandhi)
Forward-driving, martial yet controlled; suited to invocation and decisive petition.
Builds a sense of urgent ascent and confident demand for the descent of boons; energizes will and clears mental hesitation.
- तुजम् (tujam)
- Literal: impelling, urging, pressing forward. Symbolic: the dynamic push of tapas/aspiration and the driving force that hastens inner accomplishment
- रयिम् (rayim)
- Literal: wealth, abundance. Symbolic: richness of consciousness—illumination, capacities, inner resources, and fulfilled powers
- अंशम् (aṃśam)
- Literal: share, portion. Symbolic: the rightful portion of Truth/Light due to the aspirant; a destined allotment of siddhi
- न प्रतिजानते (na pratijānate)
- Literal: not to be withheld/denied. Symbolic: the refusal of the higher Power to let the seeker be cheated by limitation or hostile resistance
- वृक्षम् (vṛkṣam)
- Literal: tree. Symbolic: the rooted being or the growing life of sādhanā that bears realizations
- पक्वम् फलम् (pakvam phalam)
- Literal: ripe fruit. Symbolic: matured realizations, ready boons, perfected results of inner growth
- धूनुहि (dhūnuhि)
- Literal: shake down. Symbolic: a decisive descent/precipitation of gains into the active nature
- सम्पारणम् वसु (sampāraṇam vasu)
- Literal: wealth that carries across. Symbolic: the ferrying power—inner means to cross peril, ignorance, and transition into wider being
Soma offering to Indra: prayer for ‘rayi’ and ‘vasu’ as siddhi-like fruition and protective passage in the rite and life
During Indra invocations seeking strength, victory, and abundance; especially in contexts of ‘crossing’ dangers or transitions.
Recitation with offerings (āhuti/libation) requesting boon and protection; symbolic ‘shaking down’ of wealth aligns with distributing gifts/dakṣiṇā.
Use as a mantra for requesting timely support and mature results—before major transitions, exams, projects, travel, or inner breakthroughs.
túja- ‘impelling’ from √tuj ‘to push, urge’; rayí- ‘wealth/plenitude’ (semantic expansion to inner abundance); √bhṛ ‘to bear/bring’ (bhar-a impv.); aṃśá- ‘share’ (portion due); dhūnuhi impv. √dhū ‘shake’; sam-pā́raṇa- ‘crossing-over’ (sam + pāra ‘far shore’, related to √pṛ/√par in crossing semantics). The fruit-tree simile encodes maturation (pakva) and descent of attained results into the human field.
Fruition (pakva-phala) as ripening of consciousness, Safe crossing (pāra) as passage beyond limitation, Rightful share (aṃśa) of divine plenitude
The ‘share not to be withheld’ and the ripeness imagery imply ṛta: right timing and rightful distribution of divine gifts.
The boon is asked as something that should not be denied—truth of the soul’s claim and the god’s bountiful nature.
Ripening and descent: higher formations become ‘ripe’ and precipitate into embodied life.
Aurobindonian psychological Veda / Vedāntic ascent-and-descent framework (inner sacrifice and manifestation).
The tree is the growing sādhanā-life; the ripe fruit is matured realization; the shaking is the divine impulsion that makes the gain descend into active nature.
- What is the primary Vedic 'mythologem' present in this verse?
- The ‘bestowal of the ripe fruit’ mythologem: the god makes the matured gains fall into the seeker’s possession. Indra is the power that precipitates accomplished results (pakva-phala) from the life-tree, converting hidden potential into received plenitude (rayi/vasu) and enabling the ‘crossing over’ (sampāraṇa) of limiting conditions.
- How does the linguistic structure reflect Proto-Indo-European roots?
- √bhṛ ‘bear/bring’ is robustly Indo-European (cf. Lat ferō, Gk pherō, Eng. bear). The ‘crossing’ semantic field in pāra/pāraṇa resonates with IE river-crossing metaphors of transition. The imperative-heavy style (bhara, dhūnuhi) matches inherited hymn diction where direct second-person commands enact ritual/psychological urgency.
- What is the relationship between the Rishi and the Devata here?
- The ṛṣi claims a legitimate ‘share’ (aṃśa) of Indra’s abundance, not as bargaining but as alignment with Ṛta: when effort has ripened, the divine force should precipitate the result. The seer requests Indra’s active intervention—shaking down the fruit—so inner attainments become embodied and carry the being across.
Invite the higher Mind to precipitate ‘ripe’ results—ask for the next ready step rather than premature forcing.
ājñā (brow)
4-4-6 breathing (inhale-hold-exhale) while mentally repeating ‘ā naḥ… dhūnuhि indra…’ to feel descent on the exhale.
Active receptivity—alert, aspiring, and open to a downward settling of clarity and resources.
Begin with a brief inner offering (Agni as will), then invoke Indra for decisive clarity; end by visualizing ripe fruit falling into the hands—i.e., realizations integrating into daily action.
Triṣṭubh with Vedic accents: maintain udatta peaks on key invocatory words (ā, indra) and avoid flattening svarita falls; exact svara requires Śākala recitation marks not fully provided here.
Give clear lift to ‘ (ā)’ as invocation; emphasize ‘ (dhūnuh)’ as the decisive action-word; keep ‘ (indra)’ bright and slightly raised.
: ‘dhū’ long ū; aspirate dh clearly, : pronounce ‘vṛk-ṣaṃ’ with retroflex ṣ, : ‘pak-vaṃ’ (not ‘pak-ka’), : nasal ‘m’ before ‘p’ (sampā-)
Clear, resonant, commanding yet devotional; let the ‘shake down’ image land with firmness.
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