Atharva Veda 20.83.2: Kanda 20, Anuvaka 9, Sukta 83, Mantra 2

Sukta 83

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

ये ग॑व्य॒ता मन॑सा॒ शत्रु॑माद॒भुर॑भिप्र॒घ्नन्ति॑ धृष्णु॒या। अघ॑ स्मा नो मघवन्निन्द्र गिर्वणस्तनू॒पा अन्त॑मो भव

Recitation with translationAtharva Veda 20.83.2

IAST Transliteration

yé gavyatā́ mánasā śátrum ādabhúr abhipraghnánti dhṛ́ṣṇuyā | ágha smā no maghavan índra girvaṇas tanūpā́ ántamo bhava ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

They who, with mind set on cattle, have assailed the foe and smite him down with daring—then, for us, O bounteous Indra, hymn-delighting, be thou the nearest guardian of our very bodies.

Translation

గోసంపదను కోరే మనస్సుతో శత్రువును దాడి చేసి, ధైర్యంతో అతనిని కొట్టి పడేసేవారు ఉన్నారు—ఓ మఘవన్ ఇంద్ర, గిర్వణస్ (స్తుతి-ప్రియుడా)! అప్పుడు మా కొరకు నీవు తనూపా (దేహ-రక్షకుడు)గా, అత్యంత సమీప రక్షకుడవై ఉండుము.

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Word by Word

• ये: who (those who)
• ये: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• गव्यताः: (those) with desire for cattle / cattle-seeking
• गव्यताः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: गव्यता (प्रातिपदिकम्; गव्य + -ता)

• मनसा: with the mind
• मनसा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनस् (प्रातिपदिकम्)

• शत्रुम्: enemy
• शत्रुम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शत्रु (प्रातिपदिकम्)

• आदभुः: they have harmed / struck
• आदभुः: (verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दभ् (दभँ—हिंसायाम्/दम्भने; here ‘to harm, injure’)

• अभिप्रघ्नन्ति: they smite down / strike hard
• अभिप्रघ्नन्ति: (verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √हन् (हनँ—हिंसायाम्) with preverbs अभि-प्र-

• धृष्णुया: with bold force / boldly
• धृष्णुया: Karaṇa
• Type: Adjective (used adverbially)
• Root: धृष्णु (प्रातिपदिकम्; ‘bold, impetuous’)

• अघ: indeed / surely
• अघ: (discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अघ (अव्यय/निपात; also ‘evil’)

• स्म: verily / just
• स्म: (discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स्म (निपात)

• नः: of us / for us
• नः: Sampradāna (beneficiary/for us)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• मघवन्: O bountiful one
• मघवन्: (addressed)
• Type: Noun (vocative epithet)
• Root: मघवन् (प्रातिपदिकम्; epithet of Indra)

• इन्द्र: O Indra
• इन्द्र: (addressed)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिकम्)

• गिर्वणः: O hymn-praised one
• गिर्वणः: (addressed)
• Type: Noun/Adjective (vocative epithet)
• Root: गिर्वणस्/गिर्वण (प्रातिपदिकम्; ‘praised by hymns’)

• तनूपाः: body-guardians / protectors of the person
• तनूपाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: तनूपा (प्रातिपदिकम्; ‘body-protecting’, epithet)

• अन्तमः: the nearest / the most intimate
• अन्तमः: (predicate complement)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्तम (प्रातिपदिकम्; superlative of अन्त ‘near/end’)

• भव: be (become)
• भव: (verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भू (भू—सत्तायाम्)

Attribution

Rishi: RV-derived seer attribution (AV 20 borrowing); depends on RV locus.

Devata: Indra (Girvaṇas, Tanūpā)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh-like in RV; AV 20 preserves RV meters variably—requires edition scansion.

Mantra Rasa

Primary: vira

Secondary: bhayankara