Rig Veda 5.40.3: Mandala 5, Sukta 40, Mantra 3
Sukta 5.40
Rishi: Atri (Ātreya)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Gayatri (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
वृषा त्वा वृषणं हुवे वज्रिञ्चित्राभिरूतिभिः । वृषन्निन्द्र वृषभिर्वृत्रहन्तम ॥
Transliteration
vṛ́ṣā tvā vṛ́ṣaṇaṃ huve vájriñ citrā́bhir ūtíbhíḥ | vṛ́ṣann índra vṛ́ṣabhir vṛtrahantama ||
Translation
காளையாகிய உன்னை—ஓ காளை, ஓ வஜ்ரதாரி—பலவண்ண உதவிகளுடன் நான் அழைக்கிறேன். ஓ காளை இந்திரா, காளை-வலங்களுடன்—ஓ வல்லமைமிகு வ்ருத்ரஹந்தா—வா.
Word by Word
वृषाthe Bull; the strong one
वृषा:
कर्तृ (vocative-like nominative of address; ‘O bull/strong one’)
TypeNoun (used adjectivally)
Rootवृषन् (प्रातिपदिक) < √वृष् (वर्षणे/सेचने; ‘to rain, be strong’)
त्वाyou
त्वा:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
वृषणम्the bull; the mighty one
वृषणम्:
कर्म (apposition to त्वा)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootवृषण (प्रातिपदिक) < √वृष्
हुवेI invoke/call
हुवे:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√ह्वे (ह्वयति/ह्वयते) ‘to call, invoke’
वज्रिन्O wielder of the thunderbolt
वज्रिन्:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootवज्रिन् (प्रातिपदिक) ‘having the vajra’
चित्राभिःwith splendid
चित्राभिः:
करण (instrumental: ‘with…’)
TypeAdjective (used with ऊतिभिः)
Rootचित्रा (प्रातिपदिक) ‘bright, splendid, wondrous’
ऊतिभिःhelps; aids
ऊतिभिः:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootऊति (प्रातिपदिक) ‘help, aid, protection’
वृषन्O Bull; O mighty one
वृषन्:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootवृषन् (प्रातिपदिक)
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
सम्बोधन
TypeProper Noun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
वृषभिःwith bulls; with strong ones
वृषभिः:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootवृषभ (प्रातिपदिक) ‘bull; strong one’
वृत्रहन्तम्the slayer of Vṛtra
वृत्रहन्तम्:
कर्म (apposition to त्वा/वृषणम्)
TypeNoun/Adjective (epithet)
Rootवृत्रहन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘Vṛtra-slayer’) < वृत्र + √हन् (हनने) ‘to slay’
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