Rig Veda 2.9.5: Mandala 2, Sukta 9, Mantra 5
Sukta 2.9
- Rishi
- Gṛtsamada
- Devata
- Agni
- Chandas
- Triṣṭubh
- Rasa
- Shanta (peace) and Vira (heroism)
उभयं ते न क्षीयते वसव्यं दिवेदिवे जायमानस्य दस्म । कृधि क्षुमन्तं जरितारमग्ने कृधि पतिं स्वपत्यस्य रायः ॥
ubháyaṃ te ná kṣīyate vasavyàṃ divé-dive jā́yamānasya dasma | kṛ́dhi kṣumántaṃ jaritā́ram agne kṛ́dhi pátiṃ svapátyasya rāyáḥ ||
Двояко твоё богатство — не истощается оно, день за днём, когда ты вновь и вновь рождаешься, о дивный делатель. Сотвори певца исполненным силы, о Агни; сотвори его владыкой богатства — дающего благородное потомство и правое владычество.
Word by Word
- उभयम्
- both; the twofold (wealth)Adjectiveनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचनRole KarmaRoot उभय (प्रातिपदिक)
- ते
- of you; yourPronounषष्ठी, एकवचनRole SampradānaRoot युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
- न
- notIndeclinableनिपात (निषेध)Root न (निपात)
- क्षीयते
- diminishes; is exhaustedVerbलट् (वर्तमान), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचनRoot क्षि (क्षीयते) (धातु)
- वसव्यम्
- wealth; that which is to be won as ‘vásu’Noun/Adjectiveनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचनRole KarmaRoot वसु (प्रातिपदिक) + यत् (तद्धित)
- दिवे-दिवे
- day by dayNoun (adverbial) / Indeclinable usageसप्तमी, एकवचन; पुनरुक्ति (अव्ययीभाववत्: ‘day by day’)Role AdhikaraṇaRoot दिव्/द्यौ (प्रातिपदिक: दिवस्/दिव)
- जायमानस्य
- of (you) being born; as you are born (ever anew)Participle (Adjective)षष्ठी, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (अग्नेः विशेषण)Role SambandhaRoot जन् (धातु) → जायमान (वर्तमानकृदन्त)
- दस्म
- O wondrous one; O marvelous (Agni)Adjective (vocative epithet)संबोधन, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्गRole SambodhanaRoot दस्म (प्रातिपदिक)
- कृधि
- make; do; grantVerbलोट् (आज्ञार्थ), परस्मैपद, मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचनRoot कृ (धातु)
- क्षुमन्तम्
- abounding in nourishment/strengthAdjectiveपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचनRole KarmaRoot क्षु/क्षुम (प्रातिपदिक) + मतुप् (तद्धित: -मन्त)
- जरितारम्
- the singer; the praiserNounपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचनRole KarmaRoot जरितृ (प्रातिपदिक; from √गॄ/√जर् ‘to sing/praise’ in RV usage)
- अग्ने
- O AgniNounसंबोधन, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्गRole SambodhanaRoot अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
- कृधि
- make; appointVerbलोट् (आज्ञार्थ), परस्मैपद, मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचनRoot कृ (धातु)
- पतिम्
- lord; masterNounपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचनRole KarmaRoot पति (प्रातिपदिक)
- स्वपत्यस्य
- of good lordship; of one’s own masteryNounनपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचनRole SambandhaRoot स्वपत्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘good lordship/own mastery’)
- रायः
- of wealth; of richesNounस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन (वैदिक: रायः = रायेः)Role SambandhaRoot राय्/रायि (प्रातिपदिक)
Sandhi Notes
- पदच्छेद (Vedic): उभयम् | ते | न | क्षीयते | वसव्यम् | दिवे-दिवे | जायमानस्य | दस्म | कृधि | क्षुमन्तम् | जरितारम् | अग्ने | कृधि | पतिम् | स्वपत्यस्य | रायः || 1) दिवे-दिवे: पुनरुक्ति
- सप्तमी एकवचन का अव्ययीभाववत् प्रयोग ‘दिन-प्रतिदिन’. 2) रायः: वैदिक षष्ठी एकवचन (रायि-शब्द) का रूप
- क्लासिकल में ‘रायेः’ अपेक्षित. 3) जायमानस्य: √जन् का वर्तमान कृदन्त ‘जायमान’—अग्नि के ‘नित्य-नवजात’ स्वरूप का संकेत
The meaning
Outer meaning
Twofold is your wealth that does not diminish, day by day as you are ever being born, O wondrous one. Make the singer full of power, O Agni; make him lord of riches that bring noble offspring and right mastery.
Inner meaning
Agni’s ‘twofold wealth’ can be read as the paired riches of light and force, or inner and outer prosperity, or knowledge and bliss—gains that do not diminish because the fire is reborn daily in practice (jāyamāna). The rishi asks that the chanter (jaritā) become kṣumant—filled with strength, competence, and victorious energy (kṣu). ‘Svapatya’ is true offspring: noble inner births and right mastery of one’s nature; the wealth is the capacity to create and sustain higher formations in life under the psychic will.
Universal truth
Sustained spiritual practice renews the inner fire daily, yielding non-depleting riches—clarity and strength—and the power to generate noble outcomes and self-mastery.
Themes
Inexhaustible wealth, Progeny as inner becomings, Empowerment of the singer, Agni ever-new
The seer
- Rishi
- Gṛtsamada (Bhārgava)
- Lineage
- Bhārgava
- Other hymns
- Rig Veda 2.1, Rig Veda 2.9
Family tradition
Bhārgava emphasis on daily kindling and cumulative, non-wasting gains of the sacrifice (inner discipline).
Significance
Frames prosperity as a consequence of awakened will: inexhaustible riches arise from continual rebirth of Agni in the being, granting power and noble self-mastery.
The deity
- Devata
- Agni
- Epithets
- dasma, jāyamāna (ever-born), vasavya (giver of wealth)
- Related deities
- Vasus (as a class of stabilizing powers), Indra (force and victory), Soma (delight sustaining abundance)
Cosmic role
Daily reborn fire that sustains the worlds and distributes the ‘wealth of the Vasus’—stable supports of existence.
Inner power
Renewing will that builds enduring capacities; giver of strength and right mastery over nature.
In ritual
Where it is used
Benediction for wealth/strength and continuity of lineage; used in Agni rites seeking prosperity and protection of household/line.
उ॒भयं॑ ते॒ न क्षी॑यते वस॒व्यं॑ दि॒वेदि॑वे॒ जाय॑मानस्य दस्म । कृ॒धि क्षु॒मन्तं॑ जरि॒तार॑मग्ने कृ॒धि पतिं॑ स्वप॒त्यस्य॑ रा॒यः ॥
उ॒भय॑म् । ते॒ । न । क्षी॒य॒ते॒ । व॒स॒व्य॑म् । दि॒वेऽदि॑वे॒ । जाय॑मानस्य । द॒स्म॒ । कृ॒धि । क्षु॒ऽमन्त॑म् । जरि॒तार॑म् । अ॒ग्ने॒ । कृ॒धि । पति॑म् । सु॒ऽअ॒प॒त्यस्य॑ । रा॒यः ॥
ubhayam | te | na | kṣīyate | vasavyam | dive--dive | jāyamānasya | dasma | kṛdhi | kṣu-mantam | jaritāram | agne | kṛdhi | patim | su-apatyasya | rāyaḥ
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4×11
Assured and beneficent; prayerful imperatives (kṛdhi) with steady cadence.
Instills confidence in steady progress; energizes the practitioner while keeping a tone of secure abundance.
- ubhayaṃ vasavyaṃ
- Literal: twofold wealth of the Vasus. Symbolic: dual riches: light/force; inner/outer; knowledge/delight held together
- na kṣīyate
- Literal: does not diminish. Symbolic: inexhaustible spiritual capital through right alignment
- dive-dive jāyamāna
- Literal: being born day by day. Symbolic: daily rekindling of aspiration; continual renewal
- dasma
- Literal: wonder-worker. Symbolic: transformer of nature; maker of the impossible possible
- kṣumant
- Literal: possessed of strength/power. Symbolic: filled with effective energy and capacity for right action
- jaritā
- Literal: singer, praiser. Symbolic: the practicing consciousness that forms and offers mantra
- svapatya
- Literal: good offspring, good lordship. Symbolic: noble inner births and right mastery/governance of life
- rāyaḥ
- Literal: riches. Symbolic: spiritual and practical abundance: capacities, harmonies, supports
Boon-request verse: prosperity, strength, and progeny tied to successful maintenance of the sacred fire; applicable in household and soma contexts where Agni is invoked for continuity and abundance.
At household prayers for progeny and prosperity; also as a concluding boon in offerings.
Offer ghee and recite for strength of the praiser and ‘svapatya’ wealth.
Chant as a daily ‘renewal’ mantra for sustained energy, creative productivity, and right governance of habits.
kṣīyate < √kṣī (to waste away): diminution. vasavya from vasu (good, wealth, dwelling) connected to √vas (to dwell): stable felicity. jāyamāna < √jan: being born. dasma: epithet ‘wondrous’ (etymology debated), functionally ‘marvel-working’. kṛdhi < √kṛ (to make/do). kṣu-mant: kṣu in Vedic often ‘food/nourishment’ but also ‘strengthening substance’; inner sense as vital reinforcement. pati < √pā? / √pat ‘to rule’ (pati as lord). apatyá < √ap (to obtain?) traditional ‘offspring’; inner: produced formations.
Inexhaustible plenitude (akṣaya-like idea), Continuous becoming (jāyamāna), Rayi as fullness of being
Non-diminishing wealth comes from alignment with ṛta—right action and right offering.
Daily rebirth implies fidelity to truth-practice; abundance is stable when founded on satya.
Perpetual regeneration: Agni reborn day by day sustains creative continuity (offspring, formations).
Yoga of works (karma-yajña) as continual renewal yielding inexhaustible inner capital.
morning (daily rebirth)
Daily fire = renewed aspiration; wealth = capacities and harmonies; offspring = new truth-formations; mastery = governance of nature.
- What is the primary Vedic 'mythologem' present in this verse?
- Agni as ever-born with inexhaustible wealth: the daily rebirth of fire guarantees a renewing plenitude. Psychologically, the inner fire repeatedly re-manifests, and its ‘wealth’ is twofold—force and light, or inner and outer supports—by which the aspirant becomes empowered and gains right continuities (svapatya).
- How does the linguistic structure reflect Proto-Indo-European roots?
- √jan (jāyamāna) from PIE *ǵenh₁-. √kṛ (kṛdhi) from PIE *kwer-/*ker- complex ‘do/make’ (Indo-Iranian preserves a strong √kṛ set). ‘day by day’ as distributive reduplication is a common IE poetic device (cf. iterative formulae).
- What is the relationship between the Rishi and the Devata here?
- The singer requests not material gain alone but a transformation of capacity: ‘make the jaritṛ kṣumant’—endow the practitioner with sustaining strength—and ‘make him pati’—a governed mastery over the riches that generate noble continuities of being (svapatya).
Daily renewal of aspiration; cultivate inexhaustible inner resources (clarity + strength).
svadhisthana
steady 4-4-6 breathing to build calm power; end with a gentle inner ‘kindling’ on inhale
Grounded abundance; stable energy.
Chant at the same time daily. After chanting, write one ‘noble offspring’ intention (a quality to be born today) and take one small mastery-act (svapatya) over a habit.
Keep clear udātta on ubháyaṃ, ná, kṣī́yate, díve-díve, jā́yamānasya, kṛ́dhi, kṣúmantam, patím.
Let ‘dive-dive’ be even and rhythmic; emphasize both kṛdhi imperatives as deliberate blessings.
kṣīyate: kṣ cluster clean; long ī., jāyamānasya: long ā; avoid swallowing ya., svapatyasya: pronounce sva-pa-tya-sya; keep ty cluster crisp.
Nourishing, steady, confident—less sharp, more sustaining.
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