Rig Veda 10.20.2: Mandala 10, Sukta 20, Mantra 2
Sukta 10.20
Devata: Agni (with Mitra-quality emphasized)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अग्निमीळे भुजां यविष्ठं शासा मित्रं दुर्धरीतुम् । यस्य धर्मन्त्स्वरेनीः सपर्यन्ति मातुरूधः ॥
Transliteration
agním īḷe bhujā́ṃ yáviṣṭhaṃ śāsā́ mítraṃ durdharītúm | yásya dhármantsvàreṇī́ḥ sapáryanti mātúrū́dhaḥ ||
Translation
Агни я почитаю — юнейшего носителя наших услад, владыку, друга, трудноодолимого; чьи незыблемые законы служат сияющие силы, как служат вымени Матери, — черпая питательную полноту для нашего возрастания.
Word by Word
अग्निम्Agni (as the object of praise)
अग्निम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि- (प्रातिपदिक)
ईळेI praise / I invoke
ईळे:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootईळ्/ईड् (स्तुतौ) धातु
भुजाम्of the arms / of the strong ones (i.e., of the mighty)
भुजाम्:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootभुज्- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘भुज्’ = भुजा ‘भुजा/भुज’ ‘भुज्’ as ‘arm/strength/possessor’), here as a noun-stem भुज्/भुजा
यविष्ठम्the youngest / most youthful
यविष्ठम्:
कर्म (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective
Rootयविष्ठ- (प्रातिपदिक; superlative)
शासाhaving instructed / by command
शासा:
(क्रियाविशेषणम्)
TypeVerbal (non-finite)
Rootशास् (अनुशासने/आज्ञायाम्) धातु; क्त्वा-प्राय/वेदिक-रूपेण ‘शासा’ (absolutive-like, ‘having commanded/ordained’)
मित्रम्(as) a friend / Mitra-like
मित्रम्:
कर्म (अग्निम् इत्यस्य विशेष्य/अप्पोज़िशन)
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र- (प्रातिपदिक)
दुर्धरीतुम्to withstand / to hold (him) is hard
दुर्धरीतुम्:
प्रयोजन/उद्देश्य (infinitival purpose)
TypeVerbal noun (infinitive)
Rootदुर्- + धृ (धारणे) धातु; ‘दुर्धरि’ (hard-to-hold) + तुमुन्
यस्यwhose
यस्य:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypePronoun
Rootयद्- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
धर्मन्ordinance / law
धर्मन्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मन्- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘ordinance, law, fixed order’)
त्स्वरेणीःthe shining rays / sunbeams
त्स्वरेणीः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootस्वरेणी- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘sunbeams/bright rays’, Vedic)
सपर्यन्तिthey worship / they attend upon
सपर्यन्ति:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootसपर्य् (पूजायाम्/सेवायाम्) धातु
मातुःof the mother
मातुः:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ- (प्रातिपदिक)
ऊधःudder (source of nourishment)
ऊधः:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootऊधस्- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘udder’)
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