Atharva Veda 20.21.2: Kanda 20, Anuvaka 3, Sukta 21, Mantra 2

Sukta 21

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

दु॒रो अश्व॑स्य दु॒र इ॑न्द्र॒ गोर॑सि दु॒रो यव॑स्य॒ वसु॑न इ॒नस्पतिः॑ । शि॒क्षा॒न॒रः प्र॒दिवो॒ अका॑मकर्शनः॒ सखा॒ सखि॑भ्य॒स्तमि॒दं गृ॑णीमसि

Recitation with translationAtharva Veda 20.21.2

IAST Transliteration

duró áśvasya durá índra góḥ asi duró yávasya vásūnām ínaḥ-pátiḥ | śikṣānáraḥ pradívo ákāmakarṣaṇaḥ sákhā sákhíbhyas tám idáṃ gṛṇīmasi ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

A door of the horse art thou, O Indra, a door of the cow; a door of barley, lord of riches, master of force. Teaching men, from lofty heaven, drawing at will—friend unto friends, thee with this we hymn.

Translation

Ты — врата коня, о Индра, ты — врата коровы; ты — врата ячменя, владыка богатств, господин силы. Наставляющий людей, с высокого неба, влекущий по своей воле — друг друзьям: тебя этим мы воспеваем.

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Word by Word

• दुरः: door, gate
• दुरः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर् (प्रातिपदिक) / दुरस्

• अश्वस्य: of the horse
• अश्वस्य: Sambandha (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• दुरः: door
• दुरः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर् / दुरस्

• इन्द्र: O Indra
• इन्द्र: Sambodhana (address)
• Type: Noun (proper)
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• गोरसि: of the cow
• गोरसि: Sambandha (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो (प्रातिपदिक)

• दुरः: door
• दुरः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर् / दुरस्

• यवस्य: of barley
• यवस्य: Sambandha (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यव (प्रातिपदिक)

• वसूनाम्: of the goods/wealths
• वसूनाम्: Sambandha (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वसु (प्रातिपदिक)

• इनस्पतिः: lord of strength/impulse (a title)
• इनस्पतिः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: इनस्-पति (प्रातिपदिक; तत्पुरुष)

• शिक्षानरः: instructing men / teacher of men
• शिक्षानरः: Kartā (as qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective (epithet)
• Root: शिक्ष् (धातु) → शिक्षानर (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रदिवः: from the high heaven / of the upper sky
• प्रदिवः: Apādāna (source) / Sambandha
• Type: Noun/Adverbial
• Root: प्र-दिव् (प्रातिपदिक) / प्रदिव (अव्यय-प्रायः)

• अकामकर्शनः: drawing/attracting without (selfish) desire
• अकामकर्शनः: Kartā (as qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective (epithet)
• Root: कृष् (धातु) → कर्शन (कृदन्त) with अ-काम (उपपद)

• सखा: friend
• सखा: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: सखि (प्रातिपदिक)

• सखिभ्यः: to/for the friends
• सखिभ्यः: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: सखि (प्रातिपदिक)

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम)

• इदम्: this
• इदम्: Karma (object of ‘praise/utter’ as ‘this [hymn]’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम)

• गृणीमसि: we praise / we sing
• गृणीमसि: Kriyā (main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गॄ (धातु; ‘to sing/praise’)

Attribution

Rishi: Rigvedic provenance; r̥ṣi per RV source attribution.

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Mantra Rasa

Primary: vira

Secondary: adbhuta