Rig Veda 1.2.7: Mandala 1, Sukta 2, Mantra 7
Sukta 1.2
Rishi: Madhucchandas Vaiśvāmitra (traditional attribution for RV 1.1–1.11; by extension RV 1.2)
Devata: Mitra–Varuṇa (dual deities of ṛta: harmony and vast law)
Chandas: Gāyatrī (3 pādas of 8 syllables; standard for early invocatory hymns)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
मित्रं हुवे पूतदक्षं वरुणं च रिशादसम् । धियं घृताचीं साधन्ता ॥
Transliteration
mítraṃ húve pūtá-dakṣaṃ váruṇaṃ ca riśā́dasam | dhíyaṃ ghṛtā́cīṃ sā́dhantā ||
Translation
Invoco Mitra, de dakṣa purificada e sem mancha, e Varuṇa, destruidor do dano. Que eles realizem em nós o pensamento que flui como ghee luminoso — claro, reto e eficaz.
Word by Word
मित्रम्Mitra (the deity)
मित्रम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र (प्रातिपदिक) प्रत्यय-वत्
हुवेI invoke / call
हुवे:
—
TypeVerb
Root√हू (ह्वे) आह्वाने
पूतदक्षम्of purified power/skill
पूतदक्षम्:
कर्म (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपूत-दक्ष (समास; पूत < √पू पवने/शोधने, दक्ष ‘शक्ति/कौशल’)
वरुणम्Varuṇa (the deity)
वरुणम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootवरुण (प्रातिपदिक)
चand
च:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
रिशादसम्harm-destroying / warding off injury
रिशादसम्:
कर्म (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective
Rootरिशादस् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘हानि/क्षति’ + ‘दस्/दंस्’ ‘दंशने/हिंसायाम्’ इत्यर्थे बहुधा व्याख्येयम्)
धियम्thought / inspired prayer
धियम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootधि (स्त्री. प्रातिपदिक; ‘बुद्धि/प्रेरणा/स्तोत्र-धारणा’)
घृताचीम्ghee-anointed / flowing with ghee
घृताचीम्:
कर्म (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective
Rootघृताची (स्त्री. प्रातिपदिक; घृत ‘clarified butter’ + अची ‘अञ्च्/अच्’ ‘गमन/प्रवृत्ति’—‘घृत-युक्ता/घृत-प्रवहिणी’ इत्यर्थे)
साधन्ताthe two accomplishing / bringing to success
साधन्ता:
कर्तृ
TypeParticiple
Root√साध् (साधने/सिद्धौ) → साधन्त (वर्तमाने कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) अथवा वेदेषु ‘साधन्ता’ इति द्विवचन/बहुवचन-प्रयोगः (कर्तरि)
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