Rig Veda 9.79.2: Mandala 9, Sukta 79, Mantra 2
Sukta 9.79
- Devata
- Soma Pavamāna
- Rasa
- Vira (heroism) and Adbhuta (wonder)
प्र णो धन्वन्त्विन्दवो मदच्युतो धना वा येभिरर्वतो जुनीमसि । तिरो मर्तस्य कस्य चित्परिह्वृतिं वयं धनानि विश्वधा भरेमहि ॥
prá no dhanvantv índavo mada-cyúto dhánā vā yébhiḥ árvato junī́masi | tiró mártasya kásya cit pári-hvṛtiṃ vayáṃ dhánāni viśvá-dhā bharemahi ||
Niech krople Somy spieszą dla nas, wylewając ekstazę, te bogactwa, którymi zaprzęgamy gorącego rumaka. Poza roszczeniem jakiegokolwiek śmiertelnika, niech niesiemy bogactwa na wszelki sposób.
Word by Word
- प्र
- forth, forwardIndeclinableउपसर्ग/अव्ययRoot प्र (उपसर्ग) / प्र (अव्यय)
- नः
- of us, ourPronounषष्ठी (gen.), बहुवचनRole सम्बन्ध (genitival)Root अस्मद्
- धन्वन्तु
- let (them) speed/streamVerbलोट् (imperative), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचनRole क्रियाRoot धन्व् (धातु; ‘धन्वति/धन्वन्ति’ = धावति/वेगं करोति, ‘to speed/stream’—सोमप्रवाहे)
- इन्दवः
- the Soma-dropsNounपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचनRole कर्तृRoot इन्दु (प्रातिपदिक)
- मदच्युतः
- flowing with intoxication/raptureAdjectiveपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन (इन्दवः-विशेषण)Role कर्तृ (विशेषण)Root मद-च्युत (कृदन्त/समास; च्युत < √च्यु ‘to move, fall, flow’)
- धनाः
- wealths, richesNounनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचनRole कर्मRoot धन (प्रातिपदिक)
- वा
- or/andIndeclinableसमुच्चय/विकल्पRoot वा (अव्यय)
- येभिः
- by which (means), with whichPronounतृतीया (instr.), बहुवचनRole करणRoot यद् (सर्वनाम)
- अर्वतः
- swift horsesNounपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचनRole कर्मRoot अर्वत् (प्रातिपदिक)
- जुनीमसि
- we impel/driveVerbलट् (present), उत्तमपुरुष, बहुवचनRole क्रियाRoot √जु (जुनाति ‘to impel, set in motion, yoke/drive’)
- तिरः
- across, beyondIndeclinableअव्यय (उपपद-प्रयोगः)Root तिरस् (अव्यय)
- मर्तस्य
- of a mortalNounपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचनRole सम्बन्धRoot मर्त (प्रातिपदिक)
- कस्य
- of whom/anyone’sPronounपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसक, षष्ठी, एकवचनRole सम्बन्धRoot क (प्रश्न/अनिश्चित सर्वनाम)
- चित्
- evenIndeclinableनिपात (emphatic)Root चित् (अव्यय)
- परिह्वृतिम्
- deceit/obstruction (that surrounds)Nounस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचनRole कर्मRoot परि-ह्वृति (प्रातिपदिक; ह्वृति ‘crookedness, deceit/obstruction’ < √ह्वर/ह्वृ ‘to go crooked, be false’)
- वयम्
- wePronounप्रथमा, बहुवचनRole कर्तृRoot अस्मद्
- धनानि
- wealthsNounनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचनRole कर्मRoot धन (प्रातिपदिक)
- विश्वधा
- in every way, whollyIndeclinableअव्ययRoot विश्वधा (अव्यय; विश्व + धा ‘in every way’)
- भरेमहि
- may we bring/obtainVerbविधिलिङ्/लोट्-आशय (optative), उत्तमपुरुष, बहुवचन, आत्मनेपदRole क्रियाRoot √भृ (भरति ‘to bear, bring, win’)
Sandhi Notes
- पदच्छेदः: प्र | नः | धन्वन्तु | इन्दवः | मदच्युतः | धनाः | वा | येभिः | अर्वतः | जुनीमसि | तिरः | मर्तस्य | कस्य | चित् | परिह्वृतिम् | वयम् | धनानि | विश्वधा | भरेमहि । प्रमुख-सन्धयः: (1) धन्वन्तु + इन्दवः → धन्वन्त्विन्दवः (उकार-लोप/व्यञ्जन-सन्धि)
- (2) मदच्युतः + धनाः → मदच्युतो धना (विसर्गस्य ओ-आदेशः ‘अ/आ’ परे)
- (3) येभिः + अर्वतः → येभिरर्वतः (विसर्ग/रुत्व)
- (4) कस्य + चित् → कस्य चित् (निपात ‘चित्’ पृथक्)
The meaning
Outer meaning
May the Soma drops rush forth for us, overflowing with exhilaration, bringing the wealth by which we harness the eager horse; beyond the obstructing claim of any mortal, may we carry riches in every way.
Inner meaning
Let the purified currents of Soma-Bliss (Indu) surge in the being and bring the true ‘wealth’—powers of consciousness—by which the seeker can yoke the vital force (aśva/arvat) to the divine work. The mantra asks that this inner gain not be limited by the mortal ego’s bargaining, jealousy, or possessive claims, but be borne integrally “in every way” throughout the nature.
Universal truth
Spiritual abundance is not mere acquisition; it is a transferable power of consciousness that rightly ‘harnesses’ life-energy to higher intention. True riches increase when freed from egoic ownership and distributed through the whole being.
Themes
Soma-ritual, Ascent beyond egoic claim, Empowerment of movement, Universal plenitude
The seer
- Other hymns
- RV 9.79 (context hymn to Soma Pavamāna), RV 9.80 (adjacent Soma Pavamāna hymn)
Family tradition
Pavamāna Soma hymns (RV 9) are transmitted through multiple seer-families; verse-level attribution here is not securely inferable from provided data alone.
Significance
The seer-voice speaks from the yajña of inner transformation: Soma is invoked as a rushing, purifying delight that converts ‘wealth’ into yogic capacities and protects the gain from egoic appropriation.
The deity
- Devata
- Soma Pavamāna (Indu)
- Epithets
- Indu (bright drop), Pavamāna (self-purifying), Madacyut (overflowing ecstasy)
- Related deities
- Indra, Agni, Maruts
Cosmic role
Purifying essence that moves through the filters, uplifting the sacrificer and feeding the gods (powers of consciousness).
Inner power
Ananda-force that clarifies, energizes, and unifies—turning aspiration into sustained inner richness.
In ritual
Where it is used
Soma pressing and Pavamāna chant sequence (pavamāna-stotra context)
प्र णो॑ धन्व॒न्त्विन्द॑वो मद॒च्युतो॒ धना॑ वा॒ येभि॒रर्व॑तो जुनी॒मसि॑ । ति॒रो मर्त॑स्य॒ कस्य॑ चि॒त्परि॑ह्वृतिं व॒यं धना॑नि वि॒श्वधा॑ भरेमहि ॥
प्र । नः॒ । ध॒न्व॒न्तु॒ । इन्द॑वः । म॒द॒ऽच्युतः॑ । धना॑ । वा॒ । येभिः॑ । अर्व॑तः । जु॒नी॒मसि॑ । ति॒रः । मर्त॑स्य । कस्य॑ । चि॒त् । परि॑ऽह्वृतिम् । व॒यम् । धना॑नि । वि॒श्वऽधा॑ । भ॒रे॒म॒हि॒ ॥
pra | naḥ | dhanvantu | indavaḥ | mada-cyutaḥ | dhanā | vā | yebhiḥ | arvataḥ | junīmasi | tiraḥ | martasya | kasya | cit | pari-hvṛtim | vayam | dhanāni | viśva-dhā | bharemahi
44
4 pādas × ~11 syllables (Triṣṭubh norm)
Forward-driving, expansive cadence suited to ‘rushing’ and ‘bearing’ imagery.
Builds momentum and confidence; supports a felt sense of inner abundance and release from limiting claims.
- इन्दवः (indavaḥ)
- Literal: Soma-drops. Symbolic: currents of delight-consciousness (ānanda) in purification
- मदच्युतः (madacyutaḥ)
- Literal: pouring/streaming ecstasy. Symbolic: spontaneous overflow of inner bliss that loosens rigidity
- धनानि (dhanāni)
- Literal: riches, wealth. Symbolic: spiritual riches: light, force, wideness, capacities of the soul
- अर्वतः (arvataḥ)
- Literal: eager steed. Symbolic: vital energy and dynamic life-force made ready for right action
- जुनीमसि (junīmasi)
- Literal: we yoke/harness. Symbolic: discipline that links life-force to the divine intention
- मर्तस्य (martasya)
- Literal: of a mortal. Symbolic: ego-consciousness bound to limitation and possession
- परिह्वृतिम् (parihvṛtim)
- Literal: circumvention, obstructing claim, encircling challenge. Symbolic: ego’s evasions, hostile suggestions, and limiting formations that try to ‘claim’ the gain
- विश्वधा (viśvadhā)
- Literal: in every way. Symbolic: integral permeation through mind, life, body; completeness
Petition for Soma’s riches and ecstasy to empower the ‘steed’ (force of progress) and to surpass mortal limitations/claims
During Soma-yajña: pressing, filtering, and offering; also recited in Soma purification sections.
Pressing/straining Soma; invoking its flow and protective increase of ‘wealth’.
Used as a meditation-affirmation for invoking inner abundance and for aligning vital energy to disciplined spiritual work.
mada-cyuta ‘from which ecstasy flows’ (√mad + √cyu ‘to flow, drop, move’) keeps Soma as dynamic uplift. pari-hvṛti is difficult; from √hvṛ ‘to go crooked, divert’ with pari- suggests ‘encircling diversion/obstruction’, psychologically the mortal ego’s claim that diverts the flow. √bhṛ (bharemahi) is PIE *bher- ‘to carry’, a central IE root.
Transcending mortal limitation (marta), Universal bearing of riches (viśva-dhā), Mada as uplift
Soma’s ‘right flow’ establishes ṛta within the seeker—orderly movement of forces toward the divine.
True riches are satya-born: powers that endure beyond egoic bargaining.
Pressing out essence from the hidden—manifesting inner plenitude from within limitation.
Proto-Vedāntic / integral yogic reading (Aurobindo-Kashyap line): gods as powers of consciousness.
The flowing Soma signifies a current of delight; the steed is mobilized prāṇa/vitality; wealth is the gathered light-force distributed through the system.
- What is the primary Vedic 'mythologem' present in this verse?
- Soma’s riches yoking the steed: the mythic technology of empowerment—divine drink providing the means to harness victorious movement—paired with the motif of surpassing mortal obstruction/appropriation.
- How does the linguistic structure reflect Proto-Indo-European roots?
- √bhṛ (carry) is a direct PIE inheritance (*bher-). The horse/steed lexicon (arvat) participates in old Indo-European heroic poetics of swift carriers of power; mada and flow-compounds reflect inherited metaphors of liquid vitality.
- What is the relationship between the Rishi and the Devata here?
- The rishi asks Soma for inner ‘wealth’ that can yoke the progressive force and carry gains universally, beyond the ‘crooked’ mortal claim (pari-hvṛti). Soma is the ally that frees the seeker from limiting ego-appropriation.
Invite a descending/ascending current of delight that ‘harnesses’ the life-force to the soul’s intention; release possessiveness and comparison.
Anāhata to Ājñā (joy expanding upward into clarity)
Moderate inhalation with silent ‘gathering’; slow exhalation imagining Soma-stream spreading through the body.
Dynamic wideness with glad clarity (ānanda + tapas).
On ‘indavaḥ dhanvantu’: feel the inner current begin; on ‘junīmasi’: offer the vital to the work; on ‘tiro martasya’: drop ego-claims; end with ‘viśvadhā bharemahi’: distribute the gain to all parts.
Use Vedic three-tone contour per śākhā tradition (udātta/anudātta/svarita); exact svara marks not supplied in the excerpt—consult a svarita-notated Saṃhitā for precision.
Keep udātta syllables clear and slightly raised; avoid flattening compounds like madacyutaḥ and viśvadhā.
: short i, dental d, clear vaḥ, : split as mada-cyutaḥ; cy = palatal cluster, : maintain ṛ vowel; avoid aravata, : articulate hvṛ (h + vṛ) distinctly, : viśva-dhā, ś is palatal (not dental s)
Bright, flowing, slightly energized; sustain vowels on ‘dhanvantu’ and ‘bharemahi’.
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