Rig Veda 9.113.1: Mandala 9, Sukta 113, Mantra 1
Sukta 9.113
- Rishi
- Pavamāna Soma hymn tradition
- Devata
- Soma Pavamāna
शर्यणावति सोममिन्द्रः पिबतु वृत्रहा । बलं दधान आत्मनि करिष्यन्वीर्यं महदिन्द्रायेन्दो परि स्रव ॥
śaryaṇā́vati sómam índraḥ pibatu vṛtrá-hā | bálaṃ dádhāna ātmáni kariṣyán vī́ryaṃ mahád indrāyéndo pári srava ||
W Śarjanawat niech Indra, pogromca Przykrywającego, pije Somę, umieszczając siłę w sobie, mając dokonać wielkiej mocy bohatera. O Indu, spływaj dokoła i naprzód dla Indry.
Word by Word
- शर्यणावति
- in/at Śaryāṇāvat (the Śaryāṇāvat place/lake)Adjective (used substantively/locatively)नपुंसकलिङ्गे/स्त्रीलिङ्गे (स्थानवाचक-विशेषण), सप्तमी एकवचनRole अधिकरणRoot शर्यणावत् (प्रातिपदिक; शर्यणा- + -वत्)
- सोमम्
- Soma (the pressed drink)Nounपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचनRole कर्मRoot सोम (प्रातिपदिक)
- इन्द्रः
- IndraNounपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचनRole कर्तृRoot इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
- पिबतु
- let (him) drinkVerbलोट् (आज्ञार्थे), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपदRole (क्रिया)Root पा (पिबति) धातु
- वृत्रहा
- Vṛtra-slayerNoun/Epithetपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचनRole कर्तृ (इन्द्रस्य विशेषणम्)Root वृत्रहन् (प्रातिपदिक; वृत्र + हन्)
- बलम्
- strengthNounनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचनRole कर्मRoot बल (प्रातिपदिक)
- दधानः
- placing/assuming; bearingParticiple (present active)वर्तमान-कर्तरि कृदन्त (शतृ), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचनRole कर्तृ (इन्द्रस्य)Root धा धातु (√धा ‘to place/put’), वर्तमान कृदन्त
- आत्मनि
- in himselfNounपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी एकवचनRole अधिकरणRoot आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
- करिष्यन्
- about to do; intending to accomplishParticiple (future active)भविष्यत्-कर्तरि कृदन्त, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचनRole कर्तृ (इन्द्रस्य)Root कृ धातु (√कृ ‘to do/make’), भविष्यत् कृदन्त
- वीर्यम्
- heroic power; prowessNounनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचनRole कर्मRoot वीर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
- महत्
- greatAdjectiveनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन (वीर्यम् इति विशेष्यस्य)Role (कर्म-विशेषणम्)Root महत् (प्रातिपदिक)
- इन्द्राय
- for IndraNounपुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी एकवचनRole सम्प्रदानRoot इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
- इन्दो
- O Indu (Soma-drop)Noun (vocative)पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन एकवचनRole (सम्बोधन)Root इन्दु (प्रातिपदिक)
- परि
- around; forth; fullyIndeclinable (preverb)अव्ययRole (क्रियाविशेषणम्)Root परि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
- स्रव
- flow!; stream forth!Verbलोट् (आज्ञार्थे), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपदRole (क्रिया)Root स्रु धातु (√स्रु ‘to flow’)
Sandhi Notes
- पदच्छेदः: शर्यणावति | सोमम् | इन्द्रः | पिबतु | वृत्रहा | बलम् | दधानः | आत्मनि | करिष्यन् | वीर्यम् | महत् | इन्द्राय | इन्दो | परि | स्रव । (1) ‘इन्द्रायेन्दो’ = ‘इन्द्राय’ + ‘इन्दो’ (अ + इ → ए)
- (2) ‘करिष्यन्वी॒र्यं’ पाठे ‘करिष्यन्’ + ‘वीर्यम्’ (न् + व् संयोग; संधौ न् परतः व् इति)
- (3) ‘म॒हदिन्द्रा॑येन्दो’ पाठे ‘महत्’ + ‘इन्द्राय’ (त् + इ → दि; जश्त्व/संधि-प्रभावः) तथा पुनः ‘इन्द्राय’ + ‘इन्दो’ (ए)
The meaning
Outer meaning
Let Indra, the slayer of Vritra, drink the Soma juice at the lake Sharyanavat. Gathering strength within himself to perform a great heroic deed, flow forth, O Indu (Soma), for Indra's sake.
Inner meaning
Let the Divine Mind (Indra), the destroyer of the covering ignorance (Vritra), partake of the Delight of Existence (Soma) in the movement of the Truth (Sharyanavat). By absorbing this divine delight, the Mind establishes spiritual force (Balam) within the Self to execute the great action of transformation. O Ananda (Indu), flow comprehensively to energize the Divine Mind.
Universal truth
Spiritual victory and the conquest of inner darkness require the integration of Divine Will (Indra) with Divine Delight (Soma). Action performed without the support of inner bliss lacks the potency to break through the subconscient resistance.
Themes
Indra-Vṛtra myth, Soma-ritual, victory and empowerment
In ritual
Where it is used
Soma offering to Indra in pressing rites; strengthening Indra for vṛtra-slaying (inner obstacle-breaking).
श॒र्य॒णाव॑ति॒ सोम॒मिन्द्र॑: पिबतु वृत्र॒हा । बलं॒ दधा॑न आ॒त्मनि॑ करि॒ष्यन्वी॒र्यं॑ म॒हदिन्द्रा॑येन्दो॒ परि॑ स्रव ॥
श॒र्य॒णाऽव॑ति । सोम॑म् । इन्द्रः॑ । पि॒ब॒तु॒ । वृ॒त्र॒ऽहा । बल॑म् । दधा॑नः । आ॒त्मनि॑ । क॒रि॒ष्यन् । वी॒र्य॑म् । म॒हत् । इन्द्रा॑य । इ॒न्दो॒ इति॑ । परि॑ । स्र॒व॒ ॥
śaryaṇāvati | somam | indraḥ | pibatu | vṛtra-hā | balam | dadhānaḥ | ātmani | kariṣyan | vīryam | mahat | indrāya | indo iti | pari | srava
Soma offering to Indra in pressing rites; strengthening Indra for vṛtra-slaying (inner obstacle-breaking).
(vṛtra-han/vṛtra-hā) from vṛtra ‘covering/obstruction’ (√vṛ ‘cover’) + √han ‘strike/kill’ (PIE *gʷhen- ‘slay’). (bala) from √bal ‘be strong’ (strengthening semantics). (vīrya) from vīra ‘hero/man’ (PIE *wiHro- ‘man’; cf. Latin vir).
inner strengthening (bala in ātman), vṛtra as obstruction/ignorance, vīrya as effective force
- What is the primary Vedic 'mythologem' present in this verse?
- Indra empowered by Soma to slay Vṛtra: mythically the release of waters/light; psychologically the luminous force drinks the delight of illumination and thereby breaks the inner Coverer (habit, inertia, ignorance), preparing a ‘great vīrya’—effective action of the soul.
- How does the linguistic structure reflect Proto-Indo-European roots?
- vṛtra- from √vṛ ‘cover’ parallels inherited metaphors of covering/veiling; √han ‘slay’ aligns with PIE *gʷhen-. vīra/vīrya aligns with PIE *wiHro- (‘man’), showing the archaic ‘heroic potency’ lexeme shared across Indo-European.
- What is the relationship between the Rishi and the Devata here?
- The seer petitions for an inner event: Indra must ‘drink’ (assimilate) Soma so strength is installed in the self; the devatā-action is reciprocal—human offering enables Soma’s availability, Soma empowers Indra, Indra accomplishes the victory that benefits the sacrificer’s consciousness.
Ask anything about this verse
Answers come straight from the texts, with the shlokas they draw on. Ask in your own words.
A free sign-in with Google or Apple keeps your chat saved across web and the app.
Read Rig Veda in the Vedapath app
Scan the QR code to open this directly in the app, with word-by-word meanings, Sanskrit recitation where available, and more.
