Rig Veda 7.18.10: Mandala 7, Sukta 18, Mantra 10

Sukta 7.18

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (traditionally)

Devata: Indra (context), with Mitra invoked as principle under pressure

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

ईयुर्गावो न यवसादगोपा यथाकृतमभि मित्रं चितासः । पृश्निगावः पृश्निनिप्रेषितासः श्रुष्टिं चक्रुर्नियुतो रन्तयश्च ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 7.18.10

Transliteration

īyúr gā́vo ná yávasād ágopā yáthākṛtam abhí mítraṃ citā́saḥ | pṛ́śnigāvaḥ pṛ́śninipreṣitāsaḥ śruṣṭíṃ cakrur niyúto rántayaś ca ||

Translation

Ruszyli jak bydło z pastwiska, bez pasterza; przez to, co zostało uczynione, napierali nawet na Mitrę, o świetlistym umyśle. Cętkowani mieszanymi impulsami, pędzeni przez cętkowaną siłę, dokonali napaści; zaprzężeni razem, Rantayas także przyłączyli się do zgiełku.

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Word by Word

• ईयुः: they went / they came
• ईयुः: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: इ (धातु) / √i

• गावः: cows
• गावः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो (प्रातिपदिक)

• न: like, as
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)

• यवसात्: from pasture/grass
• यवसात्: Apādāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: यवस (प्रातिपदिक)

• अगोपाः: unguarded; without a herdsman
• अगोपाः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ-गोप (प्रातिपदिक)

• यथा: as, just as
• यथा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)

• कृतम्: done; made; the deed
• कृतम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √कृ (धातु) → कृत (कृदन्त)

• अभि: towards, against, upon
• अभि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• मित्रम्: Mitra
• मित्रम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मित्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• चितासः: perceiving/observant; intent (ones)
• चितासः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चितास (प्रातिपदिक)

• पृश्निगावः: speckled cows
• पृश्निगावः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृश्नि-गो (समासः)

• पृश्निनिप्रेषितासः: sent forth by the speckled (one); dispatched by Pṛśni
• पृश्निनिप्रेषितासः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पृश्नि-नि-प्रेषित (समासः; √इष्/√प्रेष् ‘to send’ → प्रेषित, क्त)

• श्रुष्टिम्: obedience; attentive service
• श्रुष्टिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्रुष्टि (प्रातिपदिक)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)

• चक्रुः: they made; they performed
• चक्रुः: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √कृ (धातु)

• नियुतः: yoked teams (esp. of horses)
• नियुतः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: नियुत् (प्रातिपदिक)

• रन्तयः: delighters; joy-bringers
• रन्तयः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: रन्ति/रन्तय (प्रातिपदिक; ‘delighting/joy-giving’)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)