Rig Veda 4.23.9: Mandala 4, Sukta 23, Mantra 9

Sukta 4.23

Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama (traditional attribution for RV 4.23)

Devata: Ṛta (Truth-Order) as the governing power

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; verse-level verification needed)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

ऋतस्य दृळ्हा धरुणानि सन्ति पुरूणि चन्द्रा वपुषे वपूंषि । ऋतेन दीर्घमिषणन्त पृक्ष ऋतेन गाव ऋतमा विवेशुः ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 4.23.9

Transliteration

ṛtásya dṛḷhā́ dharuṇā́ni sánti purū́ṇi candrā́ vápuse vapū́ṃṣi | ṛténa dīrghám iṣaṇanta pṛ́kṣa ṛténa gā́va ṛtám ā́ viveśuḥ ||

Translation

Mocne są fundamenty Prawdy; liczne i promieniste są formy dla jej objawienia. Przez Prawdę silni rozciągają długi zasięg natchnienia; przez Prawdę Krowy, promienie wiedzy, wchodzą w samą Prawdę.

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Word by Word

• ऋतस्य: of ṛta (cosmic order/true law)
• ऋतस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋत (प्रातिपदिक)

• दृळ्हाः: firm, steadfast
• दृळ्हाः: विशेषण (of धरणानि)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दृळ्ह (विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक; दृंह्/दृढ्-भाव)

• धरणानि: supports, foundations
• धरणानि: कर्तृ/विषय (with सन्ति)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धरणि (प्रातिपदिक; √धृ ‘to hold’)

• सन्ति: are
• सन्ति: अस्ति-क्रिया (copula)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अस्

• पुरूणि: many
• पुरूणि: विशेषण (of वपूंषि)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पुरु (विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• चन्द्राः: bright, shining
• चन्द्राः: विशेषण (of वपूंषि)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चन्द्र (विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)

• वपुषे: for beauty/form
• वपुषे: सम्प्रदान (purpose/for)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वपुस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• वपूंषि: forms, bodies, beauties
• वपूंषि: कर्तृ/विषय (elliptic with सन्ति)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वपुस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• ऋतेन: by/with ṛta
• ऋतेन: करण (means/instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋत (प्रातिपदिक)

• दीर्घम्: far, long (for a long distance/time)
• दीर्घम्: क्रियाविशेषण (extent)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दीर्घ (विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)

• इषणन्त: they impelled/urged on
• इषणन्त: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √इष् (इषण ‘to set in motion/impel/seek’)

• पृक्ष: the Pṛkṣa (strong/bull-like one; an epithet/name)
• पृक्ष: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृक्ष (प्रातिपदिक; ‘speckled/bull/strong one’—RV epithet)

• ऋतेन: by/with ṛta
• ऋतेन: करण (means/instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋत (प्रातिपदिक)

• गावः: the cows
• गावः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो (प्रातिपदिक)

• ऋतम्: ṛta, the true order
• ऋतम्: कर्म (goal entered)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋत (प्रातिपदिक)

• आ: into, towards
• आ: क्रियाविशेषक (towards/into)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ

• विवेशुः: they have entered/entered
• विवेशुः: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √विश् (with vi-)