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Rig Veda 3.61.7: Mandala 3, Sukta 61, Mantra 7

Sukta 3.61

Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (continuation within Maṇḍala 3 collection)
Devata: Composite: Ṛta as ground; Mitra–Varuṇa as upholders; the ‘Bull’ as the entering power (often solar/Agni/Indra-like force depending on hymn context)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; confirm by metrical scan)

ऋतस्य बुध्न उषसामिषण्यन्वृषा मही रोदसी आ विवेश । मही मित्रस्य वरुणस्य माया चन्द्रेव भानुं वि दधे पुरुत्रा ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 3.61.7

ṛtásya budhná uṣásām iṣaṇyán vṛ́ṣā mahī́ ródasī ā́ viveśa | mahī́ mitrásya váruṇasya māyā́ candréva bhānúṃ ví dadhē purutrā́ ||

Z fundamentu Prawdy, popychając Jutrzenki, potężny Byk wchodzi w rozległe Niebo i Ziemię. Wielka jest twórcza moc Mitry i Waruny: jak Księżyc umieszcza światło w wielu miejscach, rozdzielając promień szeroko.

ऋतस्यof ṛta (cosmic order/true law)
ऋतस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootऋत (प्रातिपदिक) < √ऋ (गतौ/ऋ-धातु, ‘to go; order’)
बुध्नःthe foundation/base
बुध्नः:
कर्तृ (with verb ‘आ विवेश’)
TypeNoun
Rootबुध्न (प्रातिपदिक) ‘bottom, base, foundation’
उषसाम्of the dawns
उषसाम्:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootउषस् (प्रातिपदिक) ‘dawn’
इषण्यन्impelling/urging onward
इषण्यन्:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeParticiple (Adjectival) / Kṛdanta
Root√इष् (इष गतौ/इच्छायाम्; ‘to impel, seek’) → इषण्यत्/इषण्यन् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
वृषाthe bull (vigorous one)
वृषा:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeNoun (used adjectivally)
Rootवृषन्/वृष (प्रातिपदिक) ‘bull; male; vigorous one’
महीgreat
मही:
कर्म-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootमही (प्रातिपदिक) ‘great (f.)’
रोदसीthe two worlds (heaven and earth)
रोदसी:
कर्म
TypeNoun (dual) / Dvandva
Rootरोदसी (प्रातिपदिक) ‘heaven-and-earth’
आinto, towards
आ:
क्रियाविशेषण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/निपात)
विवेशentered
विवेश:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√विश् (प्रवेशने) with vi- + ā- → विवेश
महीgreat
मही:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootमही (प्रातिपदिक) ‘great (f.)’
मित्रस्यof Mitra
मित्रस्य:
सम्बन्ध
TypeProper Noun
Rootमित्र (प्रातिपदिक) ‘Mitra’
वरुणस्यof Varuṇa
वरुणस्य:
सम्बन्ध
TypeProper Noun
Rootवरुण (प्रातिपदिक) ‘Varuṇa’
मायाthe wondrous power
माया:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootमाया (प्रातिपदिक) ‘power, artifice, wondrous skill’
चन्द्राshining, moonlike
चन्द्रा:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootचन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक) ‘shining, moon-like’
इवlike, as
इव:
क्रियाविशेषण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (निपात, उपमा)
भानुम्radiance/beam
भानुम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootभानु (प्रातिपदिक) ‘light, beam, radiance’
विapart, forth, widely
वि:
क्रियाविशेषण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि (उपसर्ग)
दधेhas placed/has set
दधे:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√धा (धारणे/स्थापने) with vi- → दधे
पुरुत्राin many places, widely
पुरुत्रा:
अधिकरण (adverbial locus/distribution)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरुत्रा (अव्यय) < पुरु ‘many’ + -त्रा (locative-adverbial)

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