Rig Veda 2.25.3: Mandala 2, Sukta 25, Mantra 3

Sukta 2.25

Rishi: Gṛtsamada (traditional ascription)

Devata: Brahmaṇaspati

Chandas: Jagatī (probable; confirm by metrical count)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

सिन्धुर्न क्षोदः शिमीवाँ ऋघायतो वृषेव वध्रीँरभि वष्ट्योजसा । अग्नेरिव प्रसितिर्नाह वर्तवे यंयं युजं कृणुते ब्रह्मणस्पतिः ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 2.25.3

Transliteration

síndhur ná kṣódaḥ śimī́vān ṛghāyató vṛ́ṣeva vádhrīm̐r abhí váṣṭy ójasā | agnér iva prá-sitir nā́ha vártave yaṃ-yáṃ yújaṃ kṛṇuté bráhmaṇas-pátiḥ ||

Translation

Jak rzeka w powodzi, potężny, przeciwko krzywemu przeciwnikowi, uderza z mocą jak byk obalający spętane ograniczenia. Jak napęd Agniego, nie ma dla niego odwrotu, on, dla którego Brahmanaspati tworzy każdą moc towarzyszącą jarzmu.

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Word by Word

• सिन्धुः: the river/stream (Sindhu), the flood
• सिन्धुः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: सिन्धु (प्रातिपदिक)

• न: like/as
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• क्षोदः: a surge, agitation, rushing
• क्षोदः: Kartā (उपमान-कर्तृ/उपमेय-विशेषणभावे)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षोद (प्रातिपदिक)

• शिमीवान्: impetuous, forceful, vigorous
• शिमीवान्: Kartā (विशेषणम्) / संबन्धः
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शिमीवत् (प्रातिपदिक; -वत् प्रत्यय)

• ऋघायतः: of the hostile/evil-doer
• ऋघायतः: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Adjective (participle-like) / Noun (gen.)
• Root: ऋघाय (धातु/प्रातिपदिक-आधार; ‘ऋघाय’ = हिंस/द्रोह/दुष्टभाव)

• वृषा: a bull
• वृषा: Kartā (उपमान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृषन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• इव: like
• इव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• वध्रीन्: castrated animals/steers (lit. ‘gelded ones’)
• वध्रीन्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वध्री (प्रातिपदिक)

• अभि: towards, against, upon
• अभि: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb/preposition)
• Root: अभि

• वष्टि: drives/controls, presses upon
• वष्टि: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: वश् (धातु) / वष्टि (लट्)

• ओजसा: with strength, by might
• ओजसा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: ओजस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• अग्नेः: of Agni
• अग्नेः: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

• इव: like
• इव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• प्रसितिः: impulse, forward drive; (also) extension/spread
• प्रसितिः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रसिति (प्रातिपदिक)

• न: not
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• अह: indeed, at all
• अह: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अह (निपात)

• वर्तवे: for turning back; to be checked/turned
• वर्तवे: Sampradāna/प्रयोजन (purpose)
• Type: Noun (infinitival dative)
• Root: वर्तु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘वर्तु’ = turning/track) / √वृत् (भावार्थ)

• यम्-यम्: whomsoever, each (one) whom
• यम्-यम्: Karma (युजम्-विशेषणभावे)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: य (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• युजम्: an ally/associate; yoked one
• युजम्: Karma
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: युज् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘yoked/fit ally’)

• कृणुते: makes, fashions (for himself)
• कृणुते: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु) / कृणुते (लट्)

• ब्रह्मणः: of prayer/sacred formulation
• ब्रह्मणः: सम्बन्ध (genitive) — तत्पुरुषे पूर्वपदम्
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• पतिः: lord, master
• पतिः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: पति (प्रातिपदिक)