Rig Veda 10.121.3: Mandala 10, Sukta 121, Mantra 3

Sukta 10.121

Rishi: Hiraṇyagarbha / Prajāpati (traditional)

Devata: Ka / Prajāpati

Chandas: Tr̥ṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

यः प्राणतो निमिषतो महित्वैक इद्राजा जगतो बभूव । य ईशे अस्य द्विपदश्चतुष्पदः कस्मै देवाय हविषा विधेम ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 10.121.3

Transliteration

yáḥ prāṇató nímīṣato mahitvā́ika íd rājā́ jágato babhū́va | yá ī́śe asyá dvípadaś cátuṣpadaḥ kásmai devā́ya havíṣā vidhema ||

Translation

Ten, który przez swą wielkość stał się jedynym Królem wszystkiego, co się porusza, co oddycha i mruga; który panuje nad tym dwunożnym i czworonożnym światem: któremu Bogu złożymy ofiarę naszej woli?

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Word by Word

• यः: who (he who)
• यः: Kartā (सम्बन्धवाचकः; मुख्यवाक्यस्य कर्तृनिर्देशकः)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (य-प्रातिपदिक, सम्बन्ध/सर्वनाम)

• प्राणतः: of the breathing (living being)
• प्राणतः: Adhikaraṇa/Viśeṣaṇa (सम्बन्ध-निर्देशः: ‘of the breathing [one]’)
• Type: Participle (verbal adjective)
• Root: प्राण् (धातु; ‘to breathe’) → प्राणत् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)

• निमिषतः: of the blinking
• निमिषतः: Adhikaraṇa/Viśeṣaṇa (सम्बन्ध-निर्देशः)
• Type: Participle (verbal adjective)
• Root: निमिष् (धातु; ‘to wink/blink’) → निमिषत् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)

• महित्वा: by (his) greatness/might
• महित्वा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: महित्व (प्रातिपदिक; ‘greatness, might’)

• एकः: alone, one
• एकः: Kartā (यः…एकः…बभूव—कर्तृविशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective (numeral)
• Root: एक (प्रातिपदिक)

• इत्: indeed, just
• इत्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इद्/इत् (निपात; emphatic particle)

• राजा: king
• राजा: Kartā (समासार्थे/वाक्ये कर्तृपदम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• जगतः: of the world (of all that moves)
• जगतः: Adhikaraṇa/Viśeṣaṇa (राजा जगतः = ‘king of the world’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जगत् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘moving world/creation’)

• बभूव: became/has become
• बभूव: — (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु; ‘to be, become’)

• यः: who
• यः: Kartā (य ईशे—कर्तृनिर्देशकः)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम)

• ईशे: rules, is lord of
• ईशे: — (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ईश् (धातु; ‘to rule, possess’)

• अस्य: of this
• अस्य: Adhikaraṇa/Viśeṣaṇa (सम्बन्धः: ‘of this [world/creation]’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम)

• द्विपदः: of the two-footed (beings)
• द्विपदः: Karma/Viśeṣaṇa (ईशे…द्विपदः—अधीनवस्तुनिर्देशः)
• Type: Noun/Adjective (collective)
• Root: द्विपद् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘two-footed’)

• चतुष्पदः: of the four-footed (beings)
• चतुष्पदः: Karma/Viśeṣaṇa (ईशे…चतुष्पदः)
• Type: Noun/Adjective (collective)
• Root: चतुष्पद् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘four-footed’)

• कस्मै: to which (god)?
• कस्मै: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun (interrogative)
• Root: क (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• देवाय: to the god
• देवाय: Sampradāna (कस्मै देवाय—प्राप्तव्यः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• हविषा: with oblation
• हविषा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: हविस् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘oblation’)

• विधेम: may we offer/perform
• विधेम: — (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: धा (धातु; ‘to place, arrange’) + वि- (उपसर्ग) → विधा ‘to offer/perform’