Rig Veda 10.113.1: Mandala 10, Sukta 113, Mantra 1

Sukta 10.113

Devata

Indra

Chandas

Trishtubh

Rasa

Adbhuta (wonder) and Shanta (peace)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

तमस्य द्यावापृथिवी सचेतसा विश्वेभिर्देवैरनु शुष्ममावताम् । यदैत्कृण्वानो महिमानमिन्द्रियं पीत्वी सोमस्य क्रतुमाँ अवर्धत ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 10.113.1

Transliteration

tám asya dyā́vāpṛthivī́ sa-cétasā víśvebhir deváir ánu śúṣmam āvatām | yád ait kṛṇvānáḥ mahimā́nam indriyáṃ pītvī́ sómasya krátumān avardhata ||

Translation

On, niech Niebo i Ziemia w jednej zgodzie, ze wszystkimi bogami, pielęgnują jego siłę; gdy wyruszał kształtując swą władczą wielkość, po wypiciu Somy, mądry woli zwiększył się.

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Word by Word

तमस्य

of him/that (of the dark one / of that one)Pronoun/Adjective · षष्ठी एकवचन (पुं./नपुं.); वैदिक रूप ‘तमस्य’ = ‘तस्य/तमस्य’Role सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation) · Root तम (प्रातिपदिक) + -स्य (षष्ठी) अथवा तद्-प्रातिपदिकस्य (तस्मिन्/तस्य) वैदिक-रूप

द्यावापृथिवी

Heaven and EarthNoun (compound) · द्विवचन, प्रथमा (स्त्रीलिङ्ग-द्वन्द्व; ‘Heaven-and-Earth’ as a pair)Role कर्तृ (with verb ‘अवताम्’) · Root द्याव् (दिव्) + पृथिवी (प्रातिपदिक) (द्वन्द्व समास)

सचेतसा

in concord / with one intentAdjective · तृतीया द्विवचन (द्यावापृथिवी-विशेषण)Role करण/सहभाव (in accord, jointly) · Root स-चेतस् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘having one mind/being in accord’)

विश्वेभिः

with allAdjective (used substantively) · तृतीया बहुवचन (पुं.)Role सह/करण (with) · Root विश्व (सर्व) (प्रातिपदिक)

देवैः

the godsNoun · तृतीया बहुवचन (पुं.)Role सह/करण (with) · Root देव (प्रातिपदिक)

अनु

along / after / in accordance withIndeclinable · अव्ययRole उपपद-सम्बन्ध (following/along) · Root अनु (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

शुष्मम्

might, vigorNoun · द्वितीया एकवचन (पुं.)Role कर्म (object of ‘अवताम्’) · Root शुष्म (प्रातिपदिक)

अवताम्

let the two help/strengthenVerb · लोट् (आज्ञार्थ), प्रथमपुरुष, द्विवचनRole क्रिया (main verb) · Root √अव् (रक्षण-गमनादि; here ‘to help/protect/strengthen’)

यत्

when/that whichPronoun (relative) · नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (correlative to a clause)Role सम्बन्ध (relative connector) · Root यद् (सम्बन्ध-प्रातिपदिक)

एत्

thisPronoun/Particle · नपुंसक, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; वैदिक ‘एत्’ = ‘एतत्’Role सम्बन्ध/निर्देश (deictic) · Root एतद् (प्रातिपदिक; enclitic/particle-like in Vedic)

कृण्वानः

doing, makingParticiple · वर्तमान कृदन्त (शतृ), प्रथमा एकवचन, पुं. (agentive)Role कर्तृ (of the participial action; referring to Indra) · Root √कृ (करणे) → कृण्वान (शतृ-प्रत्यय, वर्तमान कृदन्त)

महिमानम्

greatness, majestyNoun · द्वितीया एकवचन (पुं.)Role कर्म (object of ‘कृण्वानः’) · Root महिमन् (प्रातिपदिक)

इन्द्रियम्

Indra’s (mighty) / pertaining to IndraAdjective/Noun · द्वितीया एकवचन (नपुं./पुं. as adjective to ‘महिमानम्’; here accusative agreeing)Role विशेषण (qualifier of ‘महिमानम्’) · Root इन्द्रिय (प्रातिपदिक; ‘belonging to Indra/Indra-like power’)

पीत्वी

having drunkGerund · अव्ययीभाव (क्त्वान्त), ‘having drunk’Role पूर्वकाल (prior action to main verb) · Root √पा (पाने) → पीत्वी (क्त्वा/ल्यप्-प्रत्यय का वैदिक रूप)

सोमस्य

of SomaNoun · षष्ठी एकवचन (पुं.)Role सम्बन्ध (genitive with ‘पीत्वी’) · Root सोम (प्रातिपदिक)

क्रतुमान्

possessing resolve/wiseAdjective · प्रथमा एकवचन, पुं. (subject-epithet of Indra)Role कर्तृ (with ‘अवर्धत’) · Root क्रतु-मत् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘possessing resolve/insight’)

अवर्धत

grew, increasedVerb · लङ् (अनद्यतन भूत), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपदRole क्रिया (main verb of second clause) · Root √वृध् (वर्धने)

Sandhi Notes

• पदच्छेद (सन्धि-विग्रह): तमस्य | द्यावापृथिवी | सचेतसा | विश्वेभिः | देवैः | अनु | शुष्मम् | अवताम् || यत् | एत् | कृण्वानः | महिमानम् | इन्द्रियम् | पीत्वी | सोमस्य | क्रतुमान् | अवर्धत || 1) ‘द्यावा-पृथिवी’ का संहिता-रूप ‘द्यावापृथिवी’ (द्वन्द्व)
• 3) ‘यद् एत्’ संहिता में ‘यदैत्’ (द् + ए → दै)
• 4) ‘पीत्वी’ वैदिक क्त्वान्त-रूप (पीत्वा का प्राचीन रूप)

The meaning

Outer meaning

He—let Heaven and Earth with all the gods foster his force; when he went forth shaping his lordly greatness, having drunk Soma, the wise-willed one increased.

Inner meaning

Indra’s growth is presented as a universal cooperation: the whole frame of existence (Heaven–Earth) and all divine powers support the ascent of illumined force. Indra ‘goes forth’ when the awakened intelligence enters action, shaping a greater lordliness (indriya mahimā). Soma—divine delight—feeds this expansion; and the ‘kratu-mān’ (one with effective will/insight) increases: true will becomes stronger by drinking bliss, not by strain alone.

Universal truth

When the seeker aligns with the totality (body–mind–world) and nourishes will with inner joy, the power of enlightened action naturally grows and is supported by the larger harmony of life.

Themes

Indra’s increase, cosmic support, Soma empowerment

The seer

Other hymns

Rig Veda 10.113 (hymn context)

Significance

A formula of integral support: the ascent of illumined power is not isolated—it is upheld by the whole cosmic and psychological system when aligned.

The deity

Devata

Indra (supported by Dyāvā-Pṛthivī and Viśve Devāḥ)

Epithets

kratumān (wise-willed), mahīmān (great in greatness, implied), śuṣmī (forceful, implied)

Related deities

Dyāvā-Pṛthivī, Viśve Devāḥ, Soma, Agni

Cosmic role

Central dynamism of illumination; the power that grows by Soma and leads the gods in victorious advance.

Inner power

Joy-fed will: clarity empowered by delight, producing sustainable growth.

In ritual

Where it is used

Indra-Soma context: praising Indra’s increase by Soma; could accompany Soma offering or celebratory stotra

Accents and Padapatha

Chandas Analysis

Key Symbols

Ritual Application

Etymology

Philosophical Concepts

Vedic Cosmology

Natural Symbolism

Academic Analysis

Yogic Application

Chanting Notes