Rig Veda 1.30.19: Mandala 1, Sukta 30, Mantra 19

Sukta 1.30

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (traditional attribution for RV 1.30)

Devata: Aśvins

Chandas: Triṣṭubh/Jagatī (uncertain; verify)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

न्यघ्न्यस्य मूर्धनि चक्रं रथस्य येमथुः । परि द्यामन्यदीयते ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 1.30.19

Transliteration

ny àghnyásya mūrdháni cakráṃ ráthasya yemathuḥ | pári dyā́m anyád ī́yate ||

Translation

Umieściliście koło rydwanu na głowie nie-zabitego - nieskalanej mocy; a inne koło, moc ruchu, krąży wokół nieba - ustanawiając właściwe obroty w świetlistych sferach.

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Word by Word

• निघ्न्यस्य: of the slayer/striker (i.e., of the foe/one who strikes)
• निघ्न्यस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitival relation) — ‘of …’
• Type: Adjective (used substantively) + Pronoun
• Root: निघ्न्य (प्रातिपदिक; √हन् ‘to strike/kill’ से निष्पन्न) + अस्य

• मूर्धनि: on the head / at the top
• मूर्धनि: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: मूर्धन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• चक्रम्: wheel
• चक्रम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: चक्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• रथस्य: of the chariot
• रथस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ (प्रातिपदिक)

• येमथुः: they two held/fastened/placed
• येमथुः: क्रिया (मुख्य क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √यम् (यच्छति/यमति ‘to hold, restrain, fix’)

• परि: around
• परि: क्रियाविशेषण (verb-modifier)
• Type: Indeclinable (Preverb/Particle)
• Root: परि

• द्याम्: the heaven/sky
• द्याम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्यौ/दिव् (प्रातिपदिक)

• अन्यत्: another (thing)
• अन्यत्: कर्तृ
• Type: Pronoun/Adjective
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• ईयते: moves/goes
• ईयते: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √इ (to go) with passive/ātmanepada formation